← The editorial: A Model Judged 27,500 Congressional Speeches

Congress, scored: the data

Everything behind the desk’s congressional-speech study, shown whole: how the scores moved over 138 years, who sits at the top of the judge’s league, and the tilt the judge carries. Scores are a language model’s rankings of sampled speeches, not a verdict on any member.

How to read a score. A model (DeepSeek) ranked speeches six at a time on five dimensions. A speech’s score is the share of the other five it beat: 0.5 is the middle of the pack, 1.0 beat all five. No human has scored these speeches. Corpus: 17,395,884 Congressional Record speeches, 1873–2010 (Hugging Face dataset Eugleo/us-congressional-speeches); 27,500 distinct speeches judged, 61,776 judgments.

1. How the scores moved, decade by decade

Mean percentile score by decade, random-speaker sample (12,351 non-procedural speeches from 2,660 speakers). Shaded band = 95% interval resampling speakers. Dashed line = 0.5. Per-decade slopes (95% intervals): craft −0.96 (−1.11 to −0.82), kairos +1.11 (+0.98 to +1.24), pathos +0.66 (+0.51 to +0.81), logos −0.21 (−0.37 to −0.06), ethos −0.08 (−0.23 to +0.06). R² of the largest is 0.024: the calendar explains little of the variation.

2. The judge’s leaderboard

710 speakers with at least 150 qualifying speeches, 25 speeches each, two judging passes. Scores are adjusted for era (each speech minus its decade’s average) so a 1925 speaker is compared with 1925 and a 2005 speaker with 2005. Split-half reliability at 25 speeches per speaker is 0.68 for the appeals and 0.66 for craft: usable, not precise. Many intervals overlap.

Top 25 by the four-appeal composite (ethos, pathos, logos, kairos). Party letter from the public legislator roster.

Top 25 by craft, the judge’s rank for deliberate classical devices. Craft and a keyword count of classical names correlate at only 0.08 across speakers, so this is style as the judge reads it, not training.

3. The tilt, shown

Read this before the leaderboard. With decade and genre held fixed, the judge scored Republican speakers 3.0 percentile points lower than Democratic speakers on the appeals composite (95% interval −4.0 to −2.1; 16,366 speeches). One model’s tilt cannot be told apart from a real difference with this evidence. The desk draws no conclusion about which party’s members speak better.

The gap by decade where both parties have at least 60 sampled speeches. It reverses in the 1900s and 1920s and is largest after 1990.

4. The whole table

All 710 speakers. Click a column to sort. Appeals and craft are points above the speaker’s era average; the interval is for appeals. Kairos, pathos, logos and ethos are raw mean percentiles.

#	Speaker	Party	Years	n	Appeals (adj)	95% interval	Craft (adj)	Kairos	Pathos	Logos	Ethos
1	Louise McIntosh Slaughter	D	1990–2010	20	+16.9	+10.0 to +24.4	+11.7	0.77	0.75	0.63	0.66
2	Robert Torricelli	D	1987–2001	25	+15.5	+9.6 to +21.3	+17.9	0.74	0.69	0.58	0.72
3	James P. McGovern	D	1997–2010	21	+15.0	+9.1 to +20.3	+13.9	0.73	0.75	0.60	0.64
4	Susan M. Collins	R	1997–2010	24	+14.8	+8.1 to +20.7	+5.7	0.72	0.58	0.74	0.67
5	Clarence Andrew Cannon	D	1925–1959	21	+14.4	+8.5 to +21.1	+24.7	0.69	0.77	0.55	0.63
6	Herbert Henry Lehman	D	1950–1956	24	+14.2	+7.9 to +20.4	+13.9	0.68	0.61	0.64	0.71
7	Jerrold L. Nadler	D	1993–2010	25	+14.0	+9.0 to +18.9	+19.1	0.67	0.76	0.66	0.59
8	Benjamin L. Cardin	D	1993–2010	23	+13.5	+7.2 to +18.9	+8.2	0.76	0.72	0.54	0.65
9	Robert Menendez	D	1995–2010	25	+13.2	+8.4 to +18.3	+21.1	0.72	0.82	0.48	0.64
10	Walter Frederick Mondale	D	1965–1975	24	+13.2	+6.5 to +18.8	+19.7	0.70	0.66	0.64	0.59
11	Joseph Lister Hill	D	1941–1966	24	+12.8	+5.8 to +19.6	+20.3	0.68	0.62	0.63	0.65
12	Walter Henry Judd	R	1943–1962	25	+12.7	+6.2 to +19.1	+15.2	0.60	0.67	0.60	0.71
13	Adlai Ewing Stevenson III	D	1971–1979	25	+12.6	+7.5 to +17.4	+16.6	0.68	0.55	0.74	0.59
14	Daniel Patrick Moynihan	D	1977–1997	23	+12.6	+4.9 to +18.4	+20.2	0.63	0.56	0.70	0.74
15	Lamar Alexander	R	2003–2010	23	+12.3	+3.8 to +19.9	+14.8	0.66	0.62	0.60	0.75
16	James Claude Wright Jr.	D	1957–1989	22	+12.3	+5.7 to +19.2	+18.8	0.62	0.69	0.59	0.68
17	Arthur Capper	R	1920–1946	21	+12.3	+4.9 to +19.5	+6.2	0.66	0.67	0.58	0.58
18	John Claggett Danforth	R	1978–1994	24	+12.2	+7.1 to +18.6	+15.3	0.64	0.70	0.57	0.69
19	Michael Joseph Mansfield	D	1943–1975	19	+12.0	+4.2 to +20.0	+11.4	0.77	0.55	0.53	0.68
20	Thomas Joseph Dodd	D	1960–1970	25	+11.9	+7.0 to +16.7	+14.5	0.68	0.59	0.59	0.67
21	Sheldon Whitehouse	D	2007–2010	25	+11.9	+7.0 to +17.8	+20.4	0.74	0.74	0.53	0.58
22	Birch Evans Bayh	D	1966–1980	24	+11.6	+5.3 to +17.8	+8.2	0.65	0.57	0.67	0.65
23	Edward Lewis Bartlett	D	1948–1967	24	+11.5	+3.5 to +19.9	+15.9	0.62	0.60	0.62	0.67
24	Ernest Gruening	D	1959–1968	24	+11.4	+4.0 to +17.6	+9.0	0.65	0.64	0.54	0.68
25	Arthur Hendrick Vandenberg	R	1929–1947	24	+11.3	+5.1 to +18.0	+20.1	0.62	0.53	0.69	0.65
26	Theodore S. Weiss	D	1979–1992	25	+10.9	+4.3 to +17.2	+7.3	0.67	0.62	0.70	0.59
27	Richard J. Durbin	D	1999–2010	25	+10.9	+4.9 to +15.8	+14.5	0.70	0.73	0.52	0.62
28	Robert F. Bennett	R	1993–2010	24	+10.8	+3.4 to +18.1	+14.4	0.65	0.65	0.53	0.73
29	Herman Eugene Talmadge	D	1959–1979	24	+10.8	+2.6 to +18.0	+17.3	0.65	0.64	0.62	0.57
30	Clifford Philip Case	R	1958–1978	23	+10.7	+2.2 to +17.6	+5.4	0.70	0.49	0.64	0.66
31	Edward M. Kennedy	D	1966–2007	25	+10.5	+5.6 to +15.1	+11.1	0.68	0.68	0.58	0.58
32	John Forbes Kerry	D	1987–2007	24	+10.5	+4.4 to +17.2	+11.4	0.69	0.69	0.58	0.59
33	Richard Clarence Clark	D	1973–1978	22	+10.4	+2.6 to +17.6	+13.5	0.64	0.51	0.70	0.62
34	William Fitts Ryan	D	1962–1971	24	+10.1	+3.1 to +16.6	+7.1	0.65	0.59	0.66	0.55
35	Claiborne de Borda Pell	D	1965–1995	23	+9.9	+0.7 to +18.3	+9.9	0.66	0.50	0.67	0.67
36	Thomas Francis Eagleton	D	1970–1985	23	+9.7	+1.3 to +17.9	+14.6	0.63	0.48	0.70	0.67
37	Henry Cabot Lodge	R	1888–1922	21	+9.6	+1.4 to +17.5	+11.6	0.53	0.50	0.64	0.64
38	David Ignatius Walsh	D	1921–1944	25	+9.6	+4.3 to +14.9	+11.1	0.53	0.58	0.57	0.68
39	George John Mitchell	D	1981–1993	22	+9.4	+3.2 to +16.4	+7.0	0.65	0.57	0.69	0.59
40	Claude Denson Pepper	D	1937–1979	24	+9.4	+2.5 to +16.3	+10.3	0.60	0.66	0.55	0.63
41	Jonathan Prentiss Dolliver	R	1890–1910	24	+9.3	+0.8 to +17.6	+13.3	0.52	0.61	0.48	0.70
42	Joseph Weldon Bailey	D	1892–1912	23	+9.3	+3.8 to +14.4	+13.5	0.50	0.48	0.63	0.66
43	Sherrod Brown	D	1993–2010	25	+9.2	+2.7 to +15.3	+16.3	0.68	0.78	0.51	0.53
44	Hillary Rodham Clinton	D	2001–2008	25	+9.1	+4.1 to +14.3	+11.4	0.66	0.61	0.57	0.66
45	Joseph I. Lieberman	D	1990–2008	23	+9.0	+2.2 to +15.1	+12.2	0.66	0.60	0.56	0.66
46	Joseph Sill Clark	D	1957–1967	24	+8.9	+2.4 to +14.8	+7.5	0.59	0.50	0.70	0.62
47	Anthony Charles Beilenson	D	1979–1996	11	+8.8	-1.7 to +18.6	-4.4	0.70	0.49	0.73	0.55
48	Byron L. Dorgan	D	1993–2010	22	+8.7	+1.6 to +14.9	+9.7	0.71	0.59	0.60	0.58
49	James A. Leach	R	1979–2006	25	+8.7	+2.1 to +15.3	+19.6	0.61	0.57	0.63	0.66
50	Stephen Marvin Young	D	1959–1970	25	+8.6	+2.7 to +14.2	+17.0	0.64	0.66	0.54	0.55
51	William Warren Bradley	D	1979–1995	24	+8.6	+2.1 to +15.3	+12.4	0.69	0.62	0.64	0.53
52	William Fife Knowland	R	1946–1957	21	+8.5	+1.0 to +15.2	+11.8	0.66	0.60	0.47	0.69
53	Stephen Joshua Solarz	D	1975–1991	25	+8.3	+0.8 to +15.6	+16.0	0.67	0.60	0.55	0.64
54	William Edgar Borah	R	1913–1938	25	+8.3	+0.5 to +14.9	+9.7	0.58	0.52	0.55	0.58
55	George Stanley McGovern	D	1958–1979	24	+8.2	+1.4 to +14.3	+1.7	0.65	0.51	0.63	0.59
56	Gaylord Anton Nelson	D	1963–1980	24	+8.0	+0.6 to +15.7	-2.2	0.61	0.49	0.74	0.55
57	John Dalzell	R	1890–1912	21	+7.9	+2.1 to +14.0	+2.8	0.57	0.47	0.64	0.56
58	Thomas A. Daschle	D	1979–2004	24	+7.9	+1.4 to +14.4	+12.2	0.68	0.61	0.54	0.61
59	Fred Roy Harris	D	1966–1972	24	+7.9	+3.0 to +12.7	-0.2	0.60	0.57	0.57	0.63
60	Abraham Alexander Ribicoff	D	1950–1980	24	+7.9	-1.3 to +15.6	+4.7	0.61	0.49	0.71	0.57
61	Harold Everett Hughes	D	1969–1974	25	+7.9	+0.1 to +15.1	+10.3	0.63	0.57	0.58	0.60
62	Thomas Harkin	D	1976–2010	24	+7.8	-0.2 to +14.8	+5.5	0.68	0.63	0.58	0.55
63	Atlee Pomerene	D	1911–1922	20	+7.7	+0.2 to +16.0	+3.6	0.53	0.54	0.54	0.56
64	Robert Walter Kasten Jr.	R	1981–1992	24	+7.7	+1.9 to +13.7	+9.6	0.60	0.55	0.62	0.68
65	Morris King Udall	D	1963–1986	24	+7.6	+1.5 to +13.6	+3.0	0.60	0.57	0.58	0.65
66	Barbara A. Mikulski	D	1987–2010	25	+7.6	+0.2 to +15.2	+3.5	0.64	0.67	0.49	0.62
67	Thomas Henry Carter	R	1890–1910	25	+7.6	+1.5 to +13.5	+8.5	0.50	0.50	0.64	0.58
68	Benjamin Ryan Tillman	D	1896–1916	22	+7.6	-1.5 to +14.8	+14.4	0.55	0.68	0.43	0.55
69	Thomas Joseph Lane	D	1943–1961	23	+7.6	+0.7 to +13.9	+17.4	0.55	0.72	0.53	0.57
70	Albert Arnold Gore	D	1943–1969	22	+7.5	+0.3 to +14.2	+6.9	0.63	0.44	0.70	0.59
71	Thomas Henry Kuchel	R	1954–1968	24	+7.5	-0.1 to +14.8	+8.1	0.64	0.55	0.55	0.61
72	Clement John Zablocki	D	1951–1983	24	+7.4	+1.0 to +13.4	+7.3	0.56	0.53	0.64	0.65
73	Louis Stokes	D	1970–1997	24	+7.3	+1.4 to +13.5	+8.5	0.60	0.67	0.52	0.62
74	Philip Aloysius Hart	D	1960–1975	24	+7.3	+0.4 to +13.5	+13.7	0.58	0.54	0.65	0.58
75	Joel Bennett Clark	D	1934–1944	22	+7.2	+0.7 to +13.3	+6.9	0.51	0.64	0.45	0.72
76	Sheridan Downey	D	1939–1950	24	+7.1	+0.1 to +14.0	+3.5	0.57	0.56	0.65	0.58
77	Jon Stevens Corzine	D	2001–2005	25	+7.1	+0.6 to +13.9	+6.2	0.68	0.57	0.64	0.54
78	Les AuCoin	D	1975–1992	25	+7.1	+1.3 to +12.9	+4.4	0.58	0.58	0.67	0.58
79	Carol Moseley Braun	D	1993–1998	25	+7.1	+0.1 to +13.6	+15.8	0.56	0.64	0.54	0.64
80	Edward J. Markey	D	1979–2010	25	+7.1	+0.6 to +13.0	+10.9	0.69	0.61	0.62	0.48
81	Paul David Wellstone	D	1991–2002	25	+7.0	-0.0 to +13.1	+6.8	0.66	0.69	0.51	0.54
82	Albert Bacon Fall	R	1912–1919	25	+7.0	+1.0 to +12.4	+0.8	0.55	0.61	0.43	0.54
83	William Lester Armstrong	R	1978–1990	22	+6.9	-0.9 to +13.6	+6.7	0.64	0.59	0.60	0.60
84	David Ferdinand Durenberger	R	1979–1994	25	+6.9	+0.8 to +13.1	+11.3	0.61	0.57	0.55	0.67
85	Pete Wilson	R	1983–1990	25	+6.9	+0.8 to +12.8	+4.7	0.63	0.55	0.62	0.62
86	F. James Sensenbrenner Jr.	R	1980–2010	24	+6.9	+0.6 to +13.5	+8.9	0.68	0.57	0.63	0.53
87	Mark Odom Hatfield	R	1967–1995	24	+6.9	-0.8 to +14.6	+15.8	0.64	0.55	0.54	0.66
88	John Henninger Reagan	D	1876–1891	21	+6.8	+0.3 to +13.2	-2.6	0.46	0.46	0.69	0.61
89	Tim Hutchinson	R	1993–2002	24	+6.8	-1.5 to +14.5	+12.7	0.63	0.70	0.50	0.56
90	John Warwick Daniel	D	1887–1909	22	+6.8	-1.8 to +15.1	+13.7	0.51	0.59	0.47	0.66
91	Joseph Eugene Ransdell	D	1908–1931	24	+6.7	+0.3 to +12.9	+9.6	0.54	0.50	0.51	0.60
92	David Ross Obey	D	1973–2009	24	+6.6	+1.7 to +12.6	+9.3	0.68	0.57	0.61	0.53
93	Dianne Feinstein	D	1993–2009	24	+6.6	+0.2 to +12.7	+4.5	0.68	0.60	0.56	0.55
94	James Terry Sanford	D	1987–1992	24	+6.5	-0.7 to +12.7	+6.4	0.67	0.62	0.51	0.57
95	Paul D. Coverdell	R	1993–2000	23	+6.5	+0.5 to +12.6	+9.1	0.61	0.66	0.57	0.53
96	James George Abourezk	D	1972–1978	25	+6.4	-0.9 to +12.9	+9.0	0.62	0.56	0.56	0.57
97	William Stuart Symington	D	1955–1972	25	+6.4	+0.6 to +11.8	+4.0	0.63	0.47	0.66	0.55
98	Thomas A. Coburn	R	1998–2010	24	+6.4	-0.5 to +12.8	+9.1	0.65	0.58	0.58	0.57
99	Gerry Eastman Studds	D	1978–1994	22	+6.3	-2.2 to +14.6	+7.6	0.59	0.59	0.60	0.61
100	Thomas Ludlow Ashley	D	1956–1980	23	+6.3	+1.4 to +11.6	+4.1	0.59	0.51	0.69	0.53
101	Warren Bruce Rudman	R	1981–1992	20	+6.3	-0.8 to +13.9	+4.2	0.66	0.47	0.58	0.69
102	Herbert H. Kohl	D	1989–2010	25	+6.3	-1.0 to +12.8	+0.2	0.61	0.50	0.69	0.57
103	Howard Winfield Robison	R	1958–1974	24	+6.2	-1.8 to +14.3	+11.4	0.56	0.58	0.47	0.70
104	John Chester Culver	D	1968–1980	25	+6.2	-1.1 to +13.0	+1.8	0.62	0.50	0.65	0.55
105	Charles Melvin Price	D	1947–1983	21	+6.1	-2.7 to +13.6	+7.3	0.58	0.57	0.53	0.64
106	Thomas Hale Boggs Sr.	D	1948–1972	25	+6.1	-1.0 to +13.4	+4.1	0.58	0.58	0.54	0.60
107	Gary Warren Hart	D	1975–1985	23	+6.1	+1.2 to +11.3	+11.1	0.62	0.52	0.61	0.61
108	Ben Nighthorse Campbell	D	1990–2004	24	+6.1	-1.6 to +14.0	+4.2	0.61	0.58	0.50	0.66
109	Bertram L. Podell	D	1968–1974	24	+6.0	-0.5 to +13.2	+25.1	0.67	0.74	0.48	0.41
110	Tim P. Johnson	D	1988–2008	23	+6.0	-3.7 to +14.1	-0.5	0.59	0.61	0.58	0.59
111	Robert Marion La Follette Jr.	R	1927–1946	24	+6.0	-0.8 to +13.6	-2.0	0.57	0.48	0.65	0.56
112	John Edward Porter	R	1982–1997	22	+6.0	+0.2 to +12.1	+6.6	0.64	0.59	0.58	0.57
113	Robert P. Casey Jr.	D	2007–2010	25	+6.0	+0.2 to +10.6	+2.5	0.62	0.72	0.42	0.61
114	John Varick Tunney	D	1965–1976	24	+6.0	-0.5 to +12.4	+0.4	0.61	0.49	0.63	0.56
115	Roger Quarles Mills	D	1876–1898	24	+5.9	-1.0 to +12.2	+12.1	0.54	0.60	0.53	0.53
116	Joseph R. Biden Jr.	D	1974–2003	24	+5.9	-1.1 to +12.7	+2.0	0.59	0.65	0.52	0.59
117	Samuel Dickstein	D	1925–1945	25	+5.9	-0.6 to +12.0	-2.6	0.56	0.76	0.37	0.56
118	Hamilton Fish	R	1921–1944	24	+5.9	+0.3 to +10.8	+6.0	0.58	0.64	0.42	0.56
119	Edward William Brooke III	R	1968–1978	22	+5.8	+0.1 to +11.6	+4.7	0.60	0.47	0.67	0.55
120	Bernard Sanders	I/O	1991–2010	25	+5.8	-0.3 to +12.3	+7.2	0.59	0.80	0.47	0.49
121	Henry Styles Bridges	R	1937–1960	23	+5.8	-0.7 to +12.2	+10.5	0.59	0.65	0.48	0.58
122	Robert C. Byrd	D	1965–2007	22	+5.8	-0.9 to +12.8	+3.3	0.70	0.57	0.51	0.56
123	Carl Dewey Perkins	D	1951–1982	22	+5.8	-0.8 to +12.4	-1.5	0.55	0.53	0.62	0.59
124	Dennis Webster DeConcini	D	1979–1994	24	+5.8	-2.2 to +13.0	+1.6	0.60	0.59	0.62	0.54
125	James Lane Buckley	I/O	1971–1976	25	+5.7	+0.2 to +10.9	+7.4	0.64	0.40	0.68	0.57
126	Reed Smoot	R	1912–1932	23	+5.7	-0.9 to +12.3	-4.5	0.56	0.46	0.60	0.50
127	Barratt O’Hara	D	1949–1966	24	+5.7	-2.4 to +12.6	+12.2	0.51	0.72	0.39	0.67
128	Eli Saulsbury	D	1874–1889	23	+5.7	-1.0 to +11.6	+8.4	0.49	0.55	0.46	0.61
129	Ken Salazar	D	2005–2008	23	+5.6	-1.1 to +11.5	+12.7	0.63	0.68	0.35	0.70
130	Wayne Lyman Morse	D	1945–1967	23	+5.4	-2.1 to +14.6	+8.7	0.56	0.54	0.55	0.63
131	James L. Oberstar	D	1976–2010	24	+5.4	-2.0 to +12.1	+0.1	0.64	0.50	0.57	0.63
132	William S. Broomfield	R	1961–1991	24	+5.3	-1.6 to +12.1	+11.7	0.56	0.65	0.48	0.61
133	Frank Forrester Church	D	1958–1980	23	+5.3	-1.4 to +12.3	+8.0	0.56	0.49	0.65	0.57
134	Jonas Frost III	D	1981–2004	16	+5.3	-3.6 to +13.7	+7.9	0.61	0.61	0.53	0.59
135	Spark Masayuki Matsunaga	D	1963–1987	23	+5.3	-0.6 to +11.3	+6.6	0.57	0.56	0.57	0.63
136	William Pierce Frye	R	1873–1906	23	+5.3	-2.4 to +12.3	+6.5	0.49	0.58	0.50	0.55
137	Carl Levin	D	1979–2008	22	+5.3	-1.6 to +12.7	+4.0	0.59	0.58	0.59	0.58
138	Paul Martin Simon	D	1982–1996	25	+5.3	-6.1 to +14.5	+6.0	0.56	0.68	0.50	0.60
139	George William Norris	R	1915–1940	25	+5.2	-3.7 to +14.6	+5.4	0.52	0.57	0.50	0.54
140	Larry Lee Pressler	R	1979–1996	24	+5.2	-0.7 to +11.5	+0.4	0.59	0.54	0.58	0.62
141	Dominick Vincent Daniels	D	1965–1976	25	+5.2	-1.9 to +13.7	+3.7	0.50	0.62	0.60	0.55
142	Hiram Warren Johnson	R	1917–1938	24	+5.2	-1.2 to +11.1	+24.3	0.55	0.66	0.41	0.50
143	Cardiss Collins	D	1973–1996	23	+5.2	-0.4 to +11.3	+4.1	0.57	0.64	0.53	0.57
144	Millard Evelyn Tydings	D	1928–1950	22	+5.2	-3.9 to +13.2	+18.2	0.55	0.67	0.45	0.54
145	Ike Skelton	D	1979–2010	24	+5.0	-0.6 to +11.4	+7.4	0.67	0.58	0.47	0.62
146	John Hollis Bankhead II	D	1932–1944	23	+5.0	-3.1 to +12.7	-3.4	0.62	0.47	0.60	0.56
147	Mitch McConnell	R	1986–2009	24	+5.0	-1.3 to +10.9	+9.2	0.60	0.60	0.48	0.64
148	Edith Nourse Rogers	R	1928–1959	23	+5.0	-2.6 to +12.8	-0.5	0.56	0.71	0.36	0.61
149	James Edward Murray	D	1939–1959	23	+4.9	-1.0 to +10.3	+3.8	0.55	0.53	0.62	0.57
150	Richard Andrew Gephardt	D	1978–2001	24	+4.9	-1.4 to +11.5	+13.0	0.59	0.66	0.52	0.55
151	Warren Robinson Austin	R	1934–1946	24	+4.9	-1.3 to +10.3	+11.1	0.54	0.54	0.55	0.61
152	Augustus Octavius Bacon	D	1898–1913	23	+4.9	-2.0 to +11.4	+5.3	0.50	0.42	0.64	0.54
153	William Cabell Bruce	D	1924–1929	24	+4.9	-1.8 to +11.7	+21.9	0.48	0.53	0.48	0.57
154	William Proxmire	D	1963–1988	22	+4.8	-2.3 to +12.3	+6.8	0.61	0.50	0.65	0.54
155	Frank R. Lautenberg	D	1984–2009	24	+4.8	-1.8 to +11.2	+2.4	0.65	0.59	0.53	0.54
156	Mary L. Landrieu	D	1998–2010	25	+4.8	-2.1 to +11.3	+1.1	0.64	0.66	0.46	0.56
157	Francis Higbee Case	R	1937–1961	24	+4.8	-0.3 to +9.2	-9.4	0.60	0.46	0.61	0.59
158	William John Hughes	D	1975–1994	24	+4.7	-2.4 to +11.8	-7.2	0.64	0.42	0.69	0.56
159	Gerald Prentice Nye	R	1926–1944	23	+4.7	-0.4 to +9.3	+15.4	0.53	0.66	0.45	0.56
160	Hatton William Sumners	D	1914–1945	24	+4.7	-1.9 to +11.0	+5.3	0.57	0.52	0.48	0.60
161	Usher Lloyd Burdick	R	1935–1956	25	+4.7	-3.5 to +12.0	+4.2	0.52	0.70	0.50	0.52
162	Morris Sheppard	D	1905–1940	24	+4.6	-2.2 to +11.7	+11.4	0.44	0.60	0.51	0.54
163	James Haas Scheuer	D	1965–1991	24	+4.6	-2.9 to +11.5	+11.3	0.59	0.65	0.54	0.49
164	James Zachariah George	D	1882–1896	25	+4.6	-3.0 to +11.1	+4.0	0.48	0.41	0.72	0.57
165	John Hubbard Chafee	R	1979–1999	25	+4.5	-1.9 to +10.5	-2.4	0.58	0.45	0.65	0.61
166	Lawrence H. Fountain	D	1953–1982	23	+4.5	-2.4 to +11.7	+2.3	0.53	0.57	0.51	0.63
167	Quentin Northrup Burdick	D	1959–1990	20	+4.5	-4.4 to +12.9	-1.6	0.55	0.49	0.61	0.61
168	Irvine Luther Lenroot	R	1911–1923	23	+4.5	-1.0 to +9.4	+8.1	0.47	0.45	0.59	0.53
169	Christopher H. Smith	R	1983–2010	25	+4.3	-2.5 to +10.5	+5.3	0.67	0.69	0.36	0.57
170	Bella Savitzky Abzug	D	1971–1976	25	+4.3	-3.3 to +11.0	+5.8	0.61	0.58	0.57	0.47
171	Henry John Heinz III	R	1974–1991	25	+4.3	-1.9 to +11.3	+4.5	0.54	0.46	0.72	0.57
172	Howard Morton Metzenbaum	D	1978–1994	21	+4.3	-4.9 to +13.8	+8.8	0.58	0.57	0.56	0.59
173	Russell D. Feingold	D	1993–2008	25	+4.3	-2.4 to +10.6	-0.5	0.65	0.51	0.60	0.54
174	Nancy Landon Kassebaum	R	1979–1996	24	+4.3	-4.6 to +11.8	+8.6	0.61	0.43	0.65	0.60
175	Edmund Sixtus Muskie	D	1959–1980	23	+4.2	-3.3 to +11.8	+3.5	0.60	0.44	0.57	0.61
176	Debbie Ann Stabenow	D	2001–2010	25	+4.2	-1.8 to +9.9	+11.3	0.66	0.74	0.39	0.51
177	Earl Cory Michener	R	1926–1948	23	+4.2	-2.1 to +10.9	+2.9	0.54	0.53	0.55	0.58
178	Edward Irving Koch	D	1969–1977	24	+4.2	-4.4 to +12.2	-7.3	0.56	0.54	0.60	0.52
179	Patty Murray	D	1993–2009	25	+4.2	-1.6 to +9.8	+10.0	0.60	0.66	0.43	0.60
180	Samuel Ichiye Hayakawa	R	1977–1982	25	+4.2	-2.2 to +10.3	+4.7	0.51	0.60	0.54	0.64
181	Henry A. Waxman	D	1976–2010	22	+4.2	-4.1 to +11.4	+3.7	0.59	0.55	0.61	0.53
182	David E. Bonior	D	1982–2002	21	+4.1	-3.0 to +10.9	+10.2	0.62	0.75	0.41	0.51
183	Richard H. Bryan	D	1990–2000	23	+4.1	-2.8 to +10.9	+1.0	0.58	0.51	0.62	0.56
184	Thomas James McIntyre	D	1963–1978	23	+4.1	-5.6 to +14.4	+7.6	0.50	0.58	0.58	0.55
185	Kenneth Barnard Keating	R	1958–1964	25	+4.1	-2.5 to +10.9	+8.4	0.60	0.54	0.55	0.54
186	Barber Benjamin Conable Jr.	R	1972–1984	23	+4.1	-2.1 to +11.0	+3.0	0.61	0.46	0.63	0.58
187	Daniel Ray Coats	R	1986–1998	24	+4.1	-3.3 to +11.8	+5.2	0.59	0.58	0.55	0.56
188	Leverett Saltonstall	R	1946–1966	23	+4.1	-2.4 to +10.3	-2.7	0.57	0.45	0.57	0.64
189	Henry Louis Bellmon	R	1970–1980	25	+4.0	-2.6 to +9.9	+2.2	0.58	0.42	0.70	0.53
190	John Goodwin Tower	R	1963–1984	23	+4.0	-2.7 to +10.2	-2.0	0.60	0.42	0.69	0.52
191	Harrison Arlington Williams Jr.	D	1962–1980	23	+3.9	-4.1 to +10.6	+0.5	0.54	0.54	0.64	0.50
192	Charles Elroy Townsend	R	1905–1922	22	+3.9	-5.1 to +12.4	-0.1	0.49	0.47	0.53	0.54
193	John D. Rockefeller IV	D	1987–2010	24	+3.9	-2.0 to +9.5	+4.0	0.53	0.65	0.49	0.61
194	William H. Frist	R	1995–2006	21	+3.9	-4.0 to +10.5	-3.3	0.60	0.60	0.53	0.55
195	Benjamin Gilman	R	1976–2001	25	+3.9	-2.1 to +10.3	+8.1	0.59	0.59	0.45	0.65
196	Ileana Ros-Lehtinen	R	1997–2010	24	+3.8	-2.3 to +10.5	+11.3	0.62	0.76	0.35	0.54
197	James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr.	R	1916–1950	25	+3.8	-2.0 to +9.4	-6.5	0.52	0.44	0.58	0.55
198	George Frisbie Hoar	R	1876–1904	22	+3.8	-3.3 to +11.0	+9.3	0.42	0.46	0.60	0.63
199	Henrik Shipstead	I/O	1924–1944	25	+3.8	-4.3 to +11.0	+3.6	0.59	0.47	0.55	0.53
200	Philip M. Crane	R	1971–2004	25	+3.8	-4.5 to +11.1	+3.7	0.56	0.59	0.58	0.54
201	Royal Samuel Copeland	D	1925–1938	24	+3.8	-2.2 to +10.0	-0.4	0.48	0.63	0.46	0.57
202	Albert Baird Cummins	R	1910–1926	23	+3.7	-1.0 to +8.6	+5.8	0.47	0.42	0.55	0.57
203	Gordon Harold Smith	R	1997–2008	25	+3.7	-3.1 to +10.7	+7.0	0.65	0.62	0.40	0.62
204	Robert Paul Griffin	R	1961–1978	24	+3.7	-1.9 to +8.7	-0.3	0.58	0.48	0.60	0.54
205	William Emerson Brock III	R	1967–1976	22	+3.7	-3.3 to +11.5	+5.6	0.60	0.48	0.63	0.49
206	Joseph Gurney Cannon	R	1874–1920	24	+3.7	-2.2 to +10.0	-5.7	0.41	0.54	0.57	0.53
207	Eleanor Holmes Norton	D	1991–2009	24	+3.7	-5.6 to +10.7	-1.3	0.63	0.60	0.48	0.57
208	Alan Cranston	D	1971–1992	23	+3.6	-3.6 to +10.9	+1.5	0.57	0.49	0.62	0.56
209	Abraham Jacob Multer	D	1949–1966	24	+3.6	-2.0 to +9.2	+10.9	0.54	0.55	0.55	0.58
210	John F. Reed	D	1992–2010	25	+3.6	-3.2 to +10.0	+0.6	0.63	0.56	0.55	0.53
211	Lindsey O. Graham	R	1995–2009	24	+3.6	-2.8 to +9.8	+1.9	0.61	0.61	0.39	0.67
212	William Donlon Edwards	D	1967–1994	22	+3.5	-2.8 to +10.3	+6.9	0.58	0.58	0.50	0.57
213	Martin Barnaby Madden	R	1908–1928	20	+3.5	-4.3 to +11.6	+1.5	0.41	0.63	0.43	0.54
214	Howard Henry Baker Jr.	R	1968–1984	21	+3.5	-5.1 to +11.4	+12.1	0.58	0.45	0.56	0.62
215	Phil Gramm	R	1982–2002	24	+3.5	-4.1 to +10.3	+0.1	0.64	0.49	0.65	0.48
216	Bill Nelson	D	2001–2010	24	+3.5	-3.9 to +10.1	+0.5	0.70	0.67	0.38	0.51
217	Blanche Lambert Lincoln	D	1999–2009	24	+3.4	-2.8 to +10.3	+7.0	0.57	0.70	0.33	0.68
218	Sidney Richard Yates	D	1951–1994	22	+3.4	-5.7 to +11.8	+5.7	0.55	0.66	0.45	0.56
219	Frank John Lausche	D	1958–1968	25	+3.4	-4.7 to +11.0	+7.0	0.56	0.54	0.55	0.54
220	James William Fulbright	D	1949–1973	24	+3.4	-5.8 to +12.1	+2.4	0.56	0.40	0.67	0.57
221	Dewey Jackson Short	R	1935–1956	23	+3.4	-2.1 to +9.7	+13.2	0.52	0.70	0.36	0.63
222	Thomas Richard Carper	D	1987–2009	25	+3.4	-3.1 to +10.4	+5.1	0.58	0.55	0.50	0.64
223	Thaddeus Horatius Caraway	D	1914–1931	24	+3.3	-4.2 to +10.2	+8.2	0.44	0.64	0.42	0.50
224	James Edward Van Zandt	R	1939–1962	25	+3.3	-4.1 to +10.6	-0.6	0.54	0.57	0.49	0.60
225	Carl Bert Albert	D	1955–1976	23	+3.3	-3.1 to +9.0	+14.3	0.58	0.63	0.37	0.61
226	Connie Mack III	R	1987–2000	24	+3.3	-5.7 to +11.2	+4.9	0.60	0.55	0.53	0.58
227	Thomas Francis Bayard Sr.	D	1874–1885	22	+3.3	-3.7 to +10.0	+4.5	0.42	0.46	0.55	0.59
228	Jeff Bingaman	D	1985–2009	25	+3.1	-3.8 to +10.5	-4.3	0.61	0.46	0.63	0.56
229	William Vollie Alexander Jr.	D	1973–1992	24	+3.1	-2.0 to +9.4	+10.5	0.53	0.62	0.55	0.53
230	Kent Kent Conrad	D	1988–2009	24	+3.1	-2.6 to +8.6	+3.9	0.63	0.54	0.51	0.57
231	Charles Albert Vanik	D	1955–1979	23	+3.1	-3.4 to +9.2	-7.3	0.60	0.48	0.70	0.41
232	Rupert Vance Hartke	D	1960–1976	23	+3.1	-3.0 to +9.6	-0.6	0.52	0.48	0.67	0.51
233	Knute Nelson	R	1888–1923	20	+3.1	-4.6 to +11.5	+3.3	0.41	0.46	0.59	0.57
234	Richard Brevard Russell Jr.	D	1936–1968	23	+3.1	-4.2 to +10.0	+2.2	0.57	0.55	0.50	0.57
235	Jim A. McDermott	D	1989–2010	25	+3.1	-2.5 to +9.0	+13.3	0.67	0.76	0.43	0.39
236	Joseph Davies Tydings	D	1966–1970	19	+3.0	-4.5 to +10.9	+8.9	0.55	0.50	0.62	0.51
237	Alben William Barkley	D	1913–1947	22	+3.0	-3.7 to +10.1	+4.5	0.50	0.49	0.52	0.62
238	Fernand Joseph St. Germain	D	1965–1988	22	+3.0	-3.1 to +9.4	-1.0	0.51	0.50	0.65	0.57
239	Jonathan Brewster Bingham	D	1967–1982	24	+3.0	-3.3 to +9.4	+3.6	0.56	0.48	0.62	0.53
240	Chester Earl Holifield	D	1947–1974	22	+3.0	-6.4 to +10.1	+5.4	0.57	0.52	0.51	0.57
241	Nelson Dingley Jr.	R	1882–1899	23	+2.9	-2.8 to +8.5	-3.5	0.49	0.36	0.67	0.58
242	Daniel Wolsey Voorhees	D	1877–1894	22	+2.9	-5.1 to +10.6	+2.8	0.44	0.51	0.47	0.65
243	Ralph Fulton Lozier	D	1924–1934	25	+2.9	-2.9 to +9.2	+5.3	0.43	0.54	0.58	0.47
244	Dale Bumpers	D	1975–1998	25	+2.9	-3.5 to +9.6	-1.5	0.56	0.60	0.52	0.56
245	Earl Blumenauer	D	1999–2007	25	+2.9	-4.1 to +10.5	+6.0	0.57	0.66	0.53	0.49
246	Henry Laurens Dawes	R	1874–1892	21	+2.9	-3.8 to +9.3	+1.6	0.43	0.46	0.53	0.60
247	Lyndon Baines Johnson	D	1950–1960	16	+2.8	-8.5 to +13.9	+7.2	0.55	0.52	0.50	0.61
248	Max S. Baucus	D	1977–2009	22	+2.8	-3.6 to +8.9	+6.0	0.59	0.49	0.59	0.58
249	Michael DeWine	R	1995–2006	25	+2.8	-5.5 to +10.2	+1.0	0.56	0.66	0.48	0.54
250	John James Ingalls	R	1876–1891	24	+2.8	-3.1 to +8.2	+17.1	0.45	0.53	0.51	0.55
251	George Lloyd Murphy	R	1965–1970	25	+2.7	-3.2 to +8.3	-1.6	0.60	0.50	0.54	0.52
252	Rod Grams	R	1995–2000	25	+2.7	-5.0 to +11.3	+6.4	0.63	0.59	0.47	0.53
253	John Sherman Cooper	R	1947–1972	25	+2.6	-3.6 to +8.4	+6.9	0.52	0.42	0.51	0.72
254	Allen Granberry Thurman	D	1873–1880	21	+2.6	-3.8 to +9.2	+1.0	0.45	0.37	0.59	0.49
255	John James Williams	R	1947–1970	22	+2.6	-3.5 to +8.4	-3.5	0.54	0.38	0.68	0.56
256	William David Ford	D	1968–1994	23	+2.6	-3.5 to +10.0	-1.1	0.58	0.49	0.62	0.52
257	Paul Findley	R	1963–1979	23	+2.6	-4.1 to +9.4	+9.6	0.54	0.53	0.59	0.50
258	Peter Wallace Rodino Jr.	D	1949–1988	23	+2.6	-5.2 to +10.1	+4.5	0.52	0.53	0.59	0.55
259	John J. Duncan Jr.	R	1992–2009	24	+2.5	-4.0 to +10.0	+3.6	0.58	0.65	0.46	0.53
260	Charles McCurdy Mathias Jr.	R	1961–1986	25	+2.5	-4.4 to +9.7	+7.5	0.56	0.50	0.62	0.52
261	Richard G. Lugar	R	1978–2008	22	+2.5	-4.9 to +9.4	+5.3	0.58	0.54	0.50	0.60
262	Leonard Farbstein	D	1958–1970	25	+2.5	-5.9 to +10.7	+5.4	0.54	0.56	0.56	0.50
263	Robert Marion La Follette	R	1886–1923	24	+2.5	-4.7 to +9.6	+4.5	0.45	0.49	0.56	0.48
264	Mario Biaggi	D	1969–1988	25	+2.4	-5.3 to +10.4	-0.0	0.61	0.51	0.56	0.52
265	Thomas Terry Connally	D	1919–1949	23	+2.4	-3.8 to +8.0	+9.6	0.47	0.53	0.50	0.57
266	Joseph Roswell Hawley	R	1874–1894	23	+2.4	-3.1 to +8.1	+2.9	0.40	0.48	0.54	0.63
267	Berkley Warren Bedell	D	1975–1986	24	+2.4	-4.7 to +8.9	-3.7	0.55	0.45	0.71	0.50
268	John Edward Fogarty	D	1941–1966	22	+2.4	-5.9 to +9.7	+2.4	0.48	0.59	0.55	0.53
269	Robert William Packwood	R	1972–1994	24	+2.3	-5.6 to +9.8	+6.8	0.55	0.50	0.58	0.57
270	Henry John Hyde	R	1978–2005	23	+2.3	-4.4 to +7.7	+18.3	0.54	0.65	0.46	0.57
271	Winston Lewis Prouty	R	1959–1970	25	+2.3	-4.9 to +9.1	+5.3	0.51	0.52	0.56	0.54
272	Charles Edward Hooker	D	1876–1902	22	+2.3	-4.5 to +8.7	+7.9	0.45	0.54	0.50	0.53
273	Joseph Taylor Robinson	D	1913–1936	23	+2.3	-3.5 to +8.1	-8.2	0.47	0.33	0.67	0.55
274	Fortney H. Stark	D	1975–2008	23	+2.2	-6.0 to +9.4	+3.9	0.56	0.61	0.51	0.53
275	Weldon Brinton Heyburn	R	1905–1912	22	+2.2	-5.0 to +9.4	+10.8	0.42	0.55	0.46	0.55
276	Paul Howard Douglas	D	1951–1965	25	+2.2	-3.9 to +9.1	+2.7	0.50	0.50	0.60	0.54
277	Lowell Palmer Weicker Jr.	R	1973–1987	23	+2.2	-5.2 to +11.0	+11.1	0.55	0.56	0.56	0.53
278	C. W. Bill Young	R	1975–2008	19	+2.2	-6.4 to +9.0	+5.6	0.58	0.64	0.42	0.57
279	Henry Fountain Ashurst	D	1912–1940	22	+2.2	-5.7 to +10.6	+12.1	0.44	0.55	0.45	0.56
280	Barry Morris Goldwater	R	1956–1986	23	+2.2	-4.7 to +9.0	+11.6	0.46	0.57	0.58	0.55
281	Clinton Presba Anderson	D	1950–1972	20	+2.2	-3.6 to +8.9	+0.7	0.52	0.48	0.55	0.59
282	Charles E. Schumer	D	1983–2008	25	+2.2	-3.6 to +8.4	+9.7	0.61	0.64	0.47	0.50
283	Richard Schultz Schweiker	R	1961–1980	24	+2.1	-6.5 to +10.5	-5.1	0.55	0.53	0.59	0.49
284	Ron Wyden	D	1981–2010	25	+2.1	-4.9 to +8.8	+3.6	0.53	0.58	0.50	0.59
285	Rosa L. DeLauro	D	1993–2007	24	+2.1	-4.2 to +8.8	+3.4	0.53	0.74	0.42	0.50
286	James Ralph Sasser	D	1978–1994	25	+2.1	-7.7 to +9.8	-0.1	0.57	0.50	0.65	0.49
287	James Kimbrough Jones	D	1884–1901	23	+2.0	-5.4 to +9.7	-4.1	0.44	0.49	0.62	0.50
288	Nancy Pelosi	D	1989–2009	24	+2.0	-4.1 to +8.0	+0.7	0.63	0.67	0.36	0.55
289	Jesse Helms	R	1974–1999	25	+2.0	-2.9 to +7.1	+10.6	0.53	0.54	0.57	0.54
290	William Ezra Jenner	R	1949–1958	25	+2.0	-4.0 to +8.4	+14.1	0.56	0.67	0.44	0.48
291	Alan John Dixon	D	1982–1991	24	+1.9	-5.5 to +9.2	+5.8	0.60	0.52	0.56	0.53
292	Emanuel Celler	D	1924–1969	24	+1.8	-6.6 to +10.9	+3.0	0.53	0.48	0.58	0.50
293	Patrick Anthony McCarran	D	1933–1954	18	+1.8	-5.6 to +7.9	+11.0	0.49	0.62	0.53	0.49
294	Robert Frederick Drinan	D	1971–1979	24	+1.8	-6.4 to +9.3	+1.8	0.49	0.44	0.70	0.50
295	Joseph Christopher O’Mahoney	D	1935–1960	23	+1.7	-4.5 to +8.3	+1.7	0.51	0.43	0.65	0.55
296	George V. Voinovich	R	1999–2010	24	+1.7	-3.9 to +7.9	-2.1	0.58	0.57	0.52	0.54
297	Karl Earl Mundt	R	1940–1969	22	+1.7	-5.2 to +8.4	+4.9	0.52	0.61	0.45	0.55
298	Harley Orrin Staggers	D	1954–1979	21	+1.7	-6.6 to +9.5	+2.6	0.50	0.56	0.51	0.55
299	William Steele Holman	D	1875–1893	17	+1.7	-7.3 to +11.7	-7.7	0.44	0.52	0.55	0.53
300	Gordon Llewellyn Allott	R	1957–1972	23	+1.7	-5.9 to +9.8	-0.3	0.50	0.47	0.53	0.63
301	Olympia J. Snowe	R	1994–2010	25	+1.6	-6.6 to +7.8	-5.6	0.59	0.50	0.58	0.52
302	Leon Edward Panetta	D	1977–1992	22	+1.6	-6.9 to +10.4	+2.9	0.51	0.59	0.55	0.55
303	Alexander Wiley	R	1940–1962	22	+1.6	-4.6 to +7.7	+13.1	0.55	0.60	0.45	0.55
304	James T. Kolbe	R	1986–2006	20	+1.6	-4.2 to +6.7	-1.9	0.58	0.54	0.55	0.53
305	William Henry King	D	1918–1939	23	+1.6	-4.0 to +7.1	-3.0	0.48	0.39	0.59	0.51
306	Bob Graham	D	1987–2004	24	+1.6	-6.2 to +8.7	-1.1	0.60	0.50	0.57	0.51
307	Simeon Davison Fess	R	1913–1934	23	+1.6	-4.1 to +7.5	+2.0	0.46	0.40	0.50	0.60
308	George Miller	D	1978–1998	25	+1.5	-6.0 to +9.5	+3.1	0.52	0.61	0.52	0.52
309	Robert William Kastenmeier	D	1960–1990	22	+1.5	-4.0 to +7.9	-2.2	0.51	0.48	0.64	0.53
310	George Graham Vest	D	1882–1900	25	+1.5	-4.9 to +9.6	+8.7	0.43	0.46	0.60	0.56
311	Frank Thompson Jr.	D	1955–1980	24	+1.5	-4.7 to +8.2	-3.0	0.51	0.41	0.65	0.55
312	Kay Bailey Hutchison	R	1993–2010	24	+1.5	-4.9 to +9.0	-2.7	0.63	0.55	0.49	0.51
313	Jack Richard Miller	R	1961–1971	23	+1.4	-5.4 to +9.1	-1.1	0.53	0.42	0.65	0.52
314	Daniel K. Inouye	D	1965–2010	25	+1.4	-6.4 to +9.4	-5.7	0.60	0.44	0.60	0.52
315	John William Byrnes	R	1946–1972	23	+1.4	-6.8 to +9.5	-6.8	0.48	0.43	0.68	0.52
316	John Orlando Pastore	D	1951–1976	22	+1.4	-5.4 to +8.0	+4.5	0.55	0.57	0.40	0.60
317	Patrick J. Leahy	D	1979–2010	23	+1.4	-5.8 to +9.1	+3.3	0.56	0.47	0.60	0.57
318	Richard Lawrence Ottinger	D	1965–1984	24	+1.4	-7.0 to +9.0	-5.5	0.58	0.50	0.62	0.46
319	John McKee Spratt Jr.	D	1986–2009	25	+1.4	-6.5 to +8.5	-2.9	0.60	0.43	0.62	0.53
320	Lisa A. Murkowski	R	2003–2010	25	+1.3	-5.3 to +8.0	-5.9	0.62	0.52	0.54	0.50
321	Thomas Phillip O’Neill Jr.	D	1959–1981	23	+1.3	-7.7 to +10.7	+6.4	0.49	0.68	0.43	0.52
322	Harry M. Reid	D	1987–2010	23	+1.3	-5.6 to +7.6	+5.7	0.57	0.70	0.40	0.51
323	Brockman Adams	D	1965–1992	20	+1.3	-5.0 to +7.7	+1.8	0.61	0.54	0.56	0.43
324	Henry Martin Jackson	D	1946–1983	25	+1.3	-5.0 to +8.0	-8.3	0.56	0.41	0.68	0.47
325	Josiah William Bailey	D	1932–1943	24	+1.2	-4.9 to +7.8	+10.3	0.48	0.53	0.50	0.58
326	Carolyn B. Maloney	D	1993–2010	25	+1.2	-6.6 to +8.8	+1.4	0.51	0.62	0.46	0.58
327	Steny H. Hoyer	D	1986–2010	24	+1.2	-7.6 to +9.4	-1.4	0.57	0.60	0.44	0.55
328	George Gray	D	1887–1896	25	+1.2	-4.7 to +6.9	+8.2	0.44	0.45	0.56	0.58
329	Edwin Jacob Garn	R	1975–1991	23	+1.2	-6.6 to +9.4	+6.6	0.57	0.48	0.53	0.57
330	Harrison Hagan Schmitt	R	1977–1982	25	+1.1	-5.2 to +8.5	-2.7	0.57	0.44	0.59	0.55
331	James Danforth Quayle	R	1977–1988	25	+1.1	-5.9 to +7.3	+2.0	0.59	0.44	0.60	0.56
332	Henry Schoellkopf Reuss	D	1959–1982	24	+1.1	-5.8 to +7.7	+3.1	0.56	0.45	0.65	0.45
333	Hoke Smith	D	1912–1920	19	+1.0	-7.1 to +8.6	-1.5	0.45	0.40	0.54	0.51
334	George Armistead Smathers	D	1954–1968	24	+1.0	-6.3 to +8.3	+13.6	0.53	0.54	0.49	0.53
335	Gale William McGee	D	1961–1975	25	+1.0	-5.3 to +6.9	+4.3	0.57	0.42	0.58	0.52
336	James Thomas Heflin	D	1908–1931	25	+1.0	-5.5 to +7.8	+17.9	0.43	0.80	0.23	0.46
337	Maurice Robert Gravel	D	1970–1980	23	+0.9	-6.9 to +8.5	+4.6	0.54	0.50	0.55	0.50
338	John William McCormack	D	1939–1969	24	+0.9	-5.4 to +7.1	+4.8	0.53	0.63	0.27	0.67
339	John Frederick Seiberling	D	1971–1986	24	+0.9	-8.5 to +9.4	+3.2	0.51	0.55	0.57	0.50
340	Jefferson B. Sessions	R	1999–2010	24	+0.9	-5.0 to +6.5	+0.3	0.58	0.53	0.52	0.54
341	Paul S. Sarbanes	D	1974–2005	24	+0.8	-6.7 to +8.7	-0.7	0.55	0.45	0.55	0.60
342	George Hanks Brown	R	1984–1996	23	+0.8	-7.4 to +9.1	+3.7	0.55	0.42	0.64	0.54
343	Lloyd Millard Bentsen Jr.	D	1973–1992	24	+0.8	-5.5 to +8.5	-0.1	0.55	0.45	0.61	0.52
344	Absalom Willis Robertson	D	1949–1966	25	+0.8	-5.4 to +7.1	+1.8	0.48	0.52	0.56	0.54
345	Norman D. Dicks	D	1977–2009	25	+0.8	-6.6 to +8.2	-11.8	0.57	0.42	0.64	0.51
346	John Jackson Sparkman	D	1937–1976	22	+0.8	-7.2 to +8.4	+3.9	0.48	0.44	0.64	0.53
347	Albert Conrad Ullman	D	1957–1980	21	+0.7	-8.2 to +11.1	-6.0	0.49	0.50	0.58	0.53
348	John W. Warner	R	1979–2008	21	+0.7	-6.0 to +7.6	-2.1	0.58	0.50	0.42	0.65
349	Joseph Manuel Montoya	D	1960–1976	24	+0.7	-6.9 to +7.5	-2.7	0.51	0.54	0.53	0.50
350	David Albaugh De Armond	D	1896–1909	21	+0.6	-3.8 to +6.1	+13.8	0.41	0.62	0.43	0.50
351	Almer Stillwell Mike Monroney	D	1941–1968	22	+0.6	-8.0 to +9.3	-3.7	0.47	0.55	0.53	0.53
352	J. Robert Kerrey	D	1990–1999	23	+0.5	-8.5 to +8.3	+5.5	0.54	0.46	0.58	0.54
353	James Michael Mead	D	1921–1946	21	+0.5	-7.2 to +7.8	-9.5	0.47	0.56	0.46	0.55
354	William Eaton Chandler	R	1888–1900	24	+0.5	-4.9 to +6.4	-4.2	0.44	0.38	0.60	0.57
355	James Alexander Reed	D	1911–1928	23	+0.5	-6.8 to +7.5	+12.6	0.49	0.52	0.48	0.40
356	John Eric Ensign	R	1995–2009	24	+0.5	-4.5 to +6.0	-3.7	0.59	0.57	0.55	0.45
357	Rudolph Eli Boschwitz	R	1979–1990	25	+0.5	-6.4 to +7.4	-5.9	0.56	0.46	0.60	0.54
358	Victor Herbert Fazio Jr.	D	1979–1997	23	+0.5	-6.5 to +7.1	+1.7	0.54	0.52	0.54	0.53
359	Pat Roberts	R	1982–2006	22	+0.5	-4.8 to +6.3	+2.1	0.56	0.56	0.40	0.62
360	William Robert Poage	D	1937–1977	25	+0.4	-7.2 to +8.9	+8.5	0.45	0.58	0.54	0.50
361	Robert Taft Jr.	R	1971–1976	25	+0.4	-5.9 to +7.2	-7.0	0.54	0.41	0.68	0.45
362	Barbara Boxer	D	1989–2010	24	+0.4	-6.8 to +7.3	+4.8	0.60	0.63	0.40	0.50
363	Lawton Mainor Chiles Jr.	D	1971–1988	24	+0.4	-9.3 to +8.5	-0.1	0.52	0.48	0.62	0.51
364	Donald Wayne Riegle Jr.	R	1977–1993	25	+0.4	-6.4 to +6.7	-1.5	0.51	0.54	0.60	0.48
365	William Madison Whittington	D	1926–1950	23	+0.4	-7.3 to +6.9	-2.9	0.49	0.44	0.55	0.58
366	George David Aiken	R	1941–1973	22	+0.4	-6.0 to +7.5	-0.9	0.51	0.48	0.58	0.51
367	Mark E. Udall	D	1999–2010	24	+0.4	-6.3 to +7.3	-7.6	0.58	0.46	0.51	0.60
368	Eugene Joseph McCarthy	D	1951–1967	24	+0.4	-6.3 to +6.2	+1.4	0.50	0.44	0.58	0.55
369	John Brademas	D	1960–1980	24	+0.3	-6.6 to +7.6	+6.4	0.40	0.64	0.46	0.56
370	Porter James McCumber	R	1905–1922	25	+0.3	-6.2 to +7.7	-4.2	0.44	0.51	0.46	0.47
371	Jeremiah Andrew Denton Jr.	R	1981–1986	24	+0.3	-5.3 to +6.4	-6.8	0.56	0.52	0.60	0.49
372	Christopher S. Bond	R	1989–2005	20	+0.2	-7.6 to +7.6	-4.1	0.52	0.53	0.56	0.53
373	William Eldridge Frenzel	R	1971–1990	22	+0.2	-8.6 to +8.1	-2.0	0.50	0.38	0.66	0.55
374	Paul Efthemios Tsongas	D	1979–1984	25	+0.2	-7.1 to +7.0	+4.5	0.62	0.49	0.52	0.52
375	Pete V. Domenici	R	1973–2008	22	+0.2	-6.2 to +6.6	-2.4	0.56	0.53	0.47	0.57
376	Robert Edmund Bauman	R	1974–1980	23	+0.2	-5.5 to +6.2	+9.0	0.51	0.61	0.50	0.46
377	Edith Starrett Green	D	1955–1974	25	+0.2	-6.8 to +7.1	+7.2	0.53	0.60	0.43	0.50
378	Samuel Bell Maxey	D	1876–1887	24	+0.2	-8.2 to +7.7	-0.8	0.40	0.48	0.52	0.53
379	Ted Poe	R	2005–2010	25	+0.2	-6.1 to +7.3	+14.1	0.58	0.86	0.27	0.41
380	William Sebastian Cohen	R	1975–1996	24	+0.2	-7.4 to +7.1	+2.3	0.53	0.53	0.50	0.55
381	Jack French Kemp	R	1973–1988	25	+0.1	-5.3 to +6.3	+11.9	0.51	0.50	0.52	0.57
382	Orville Hitchcock Platt	R	1881–1905	24	+0.1	-6.2 to +6.9	-1.7	0.39	0.40	0.66	0.53
383	Samuel Augustus Nunn	D	1974–1996	22	+0.1	-6.9 to +8.7	-3.3	0.50	0.45	0.59	0.58
384	Lester Lionel Wolff	D	1965–1980	25	+0.1	-7.9 to +7.8	+2.3	0.54	0.46	0.61	0.46
385	Gordon John Humphrey	R	1979–1989	22	+0.1	-8.2 to +7.5	+7.9	0.46	0.57	0.52	0.60
386	Leslie Cornelius Arends	R	1941–1974	25	+0.1	-5.7 to +5.9	-2.9	0.52	0.47	0.49	0.58
387	William Sulzer	D	1901–1912	24	-0.0	-7.7 to +9.1	+2.2	0.40	0.63	0.42	0.45
388	Carl Thomas Curtis	R	1943–1978	24	-0.0	-6.7 to +7.9	-0.2	0.48	0.53	0.50	0.56
389	Samuel Studdiford Stratton	D	1959–1986	24	-0.1	-8.9 to +8.5	+0.4	0.55	0.49	0.50	0.52
390	James Anthony Burke	D	1963–1976	22	-0.1	-6.7 to +5.2	+4.2	0.48	0.61	0.46	0.50
391	Horace Jeremiah Voorhis	D	1938–1946	25	-0.1	-7.2 to +7.6	+3.8	0.51	0.51	0.51	0.53
392	John Phillips Saylor	R	1950–1972	24	-0.2	-9.2 to +7.7	-1.3	0.53	0.50	0.53	0.50
393	Theodore Elijah Burton	R	1897–1929	23	-0.2	-6.1 to +5.3	+0.9	0.38	0.40	0.64	0.46
394	Joseph Michael McDade	R	1963–1998	22	-0.2	-7.5 to +6.8	+0.7	0.53	0.50	0.52	0.56
395	John William Elmer Thomas	D	1932–1946	22	-0.3	-7.3 to +7.3	+5.9	0.52	0.60	0.47	0.42
396	Hugo Lafayette Black	D	1929–1937	24	-0.3	-8.6 to +8.6	+0.1	0.45	0.52	0.50	0.51
397	Andrieus Aristieus Jones	D	1917–1926	21	-0.3	-8.3 to +7.6	-5.5	0.40	0.43	0.60	0.42
398	Steven Craig Gunderson	R	1982–1996	23	-0.3	-6.6 to +6.2	-6.9	0.54	0.53	0.50	0.55
399	Roman Lee Hruska	R	1959–1976	21	-0.4	-6.1 to +5.5	-6.6	0.51	0.31	0.73	0.49
400	James Michael Hanley	D	1966–1980	22	-0.4	-8.1 to +7.9	+6.9	0.51	0.59	0.42	0.52
401	Maria Cantwell	D	2002–2010	24	-0.4	-6.8 to +6.0	-6.6	0.64	0.53	0.57	0.38
402	John Joseph Moakley	D	1974–2000	17	-0.4	-10.7 to +10.4	+5.2	0.50	0.57	0.45	0.57
403	Preston B. Plumb	R	1880–1891	23	-0.4	-4.3 to +3.8	-6.0	0.46	0.35	0.62	0.54
404	John Paul Hammerschmidt	R	1969–1992	24	-0.5	-9.1 to +8.4	-8.3	0.49	0.51	0.52	0.56
405	Howard Alexander Smith	R	1945–1958	22	-0.5	-6.4 to +5.4	-3.8	0.45	0.45	0.45	0.70
406	James Jarrell Pickle	D	1967–1991	23	-0.5	-7.1 to +6.6	-5.9	0.51	0.47	0.60	0.47
407	Craig Hosmer	R	1954–1974	25	-0.6	-6.2 to +5.2	+2.4	0.58	0.45	0.56	0.44
408	Harry Pulliam Cain	R	1947–1952	21	-0.6	-8.4 to +7.9	+2.4	0.50	0.50	0.46	0.60
409	William J. Tauzin	D	1980–2003	25	-0.6	-6.5 to +5.7	+1.0	0.54	0.55	0.50	0.51
410	Robert Joseph Dole	R	1970–1995	22	-0.6	-8.7 to +8.2	+1.5	0.62	0.49	0.45	0.54
411	John Joseph Fitzgerald	D	1909–1917	21	-0.7	-9.3 to +8.6	-13.1	0.48	0.34	0.53	0.49
412	Daniel Kahikina Akaka	D	1981–2009	24	-0.7	-7.1 to +6.4	-8.2	0.50	0.55	0.55	0.50
413	Robert Burren Morgan	D	1975–1980	25	-0.7	-7.6 to +6.0	-0.5	0.54	0.48	0.48	0.56
414	Jacob Koppel Javits	R	1954–1980	24	-0.8	-8.9 to +7.0	-8.1	0.53	0.42	0.53	0.55
415	Eni F. H. Faleomavaega	D	1989–2010	25	-0.9	-6.9 to +4.9	-3.3	0.59	0.68	0.30	0.52
416	Harry Flood Byrd	D	1934–1962	19	-0.9	-9.4 to +7.0	-0.1	0.57	0.43	0.51	0.51
417	Frank Edward Moss	D	1959–1976	24	-0.9	-6.8 to +4.8	-5.3	0.53	0.43	0.58	0.49
418	Eugene Hale	R	1876–1906	22	-0.9	-8.0 to +7.7	+5.5	0.43	0.52	0.46	0.53
419	Christopher J. Dodd	D	1982–2010	24	-1.0	-9.1 to +6.9	-3.4	0.52	0.55	0.45	0.56
420	Albert Arnold Gore Jr.	D	1981–1992	23	-1.0	-7.8 to +5.8	+5.3	0.45	0.50	0.55	0.59
421	Eligio II de la Garza	D	1970–1995	23	-1.0	-7.4 to +6.4	-5.1	0.48	0.47	0.59	0.55
422	David Lyle Boren	D	1980–1994	21	-1.1	-9.3 to +7.1	+2.6	0.48	0.51	0.50	0.60
423	Daniel Alden Reed	R	1924–1958	25	-1.1	-9.3 to +6.5	-0.2	0.46	0.62	0.47	0.45
424	Roman Conrad Pucinski	D	1959–1972	25	-1.1	-8.0 to +5.8	-1.2	0.59	0.60	0.37	0.45
425	Key Pittman	D	1914–1939	22	-1.1	-9.1 to +6.9	-9.4	0.51	0.43	0.48	0.47
426	Oscar Wilder Underwood	D	1896–1926	23	-1.1	-8.1 to +5.5	-4.8	0.43	0.45	0.46	0.49
427	Omar Dwight Conger	R	1876–1886	24	-1.2	-8.3 to +5.9	+0.0	0.37	0.53	0.45	0.53
428	Norris H. Cotton	R	1949–1974	23	-1.2	-8.1 to +7.1	-4.1	0.52	0.40	0.54	0.55
429	Arthur Vivian Watkins	R	1949–1958	22	-1.3	-6.6 to +4.4	-7.1	0.44	0.41	0.58	0.60
430	Duncan L. Hunter	R	1985–2008	25	-1.3	-8.7 to +4.4	-1.8	0.56	0.66	0.37	0.48
431	Michael B. Enzi	R	1999–2010	23	-1.3	-9.6 to +6.6	-1.6	0.56	0.58	0.42	0.52
432	Ted F. Stevens	R	1969–2008	24	-1.3	-7.8 to +4.7	-8.5	0.58	0.42	0.52	0.54
433	Gerald Brooks Hunt Solomon	R	1983–1998	18	-1.4	-8.8 to +5.9	+2.8	0.57	0.62	0.34	0.53
434	Dewey Follett Bartlett	R	1973–1978	24	-1.4	-6.4 to +3.0	-5.3	0.51	0.36	0.72	0.41
435	Paula Hawkins	R	1981–1986	25	-1.4	-9.5 to +6.5	+1.8	0.50	0.57	0.50	0.52
436	John Elliott Rankin	D	1930–1952	24	-1.4	-7.8 to +6.1	+2.5	0.48	0.63	0.45	0.44
437	Ralph Webster Yarborough	D	1958–1970	24	-1.4	-7.4 to +4.6	+0.2	0.42	0.53	0.52	0.53
438	Charles B. Rangel	D	1971–2010	24	-1.4	-8.4 to +5.3	+8.3	0.51	0.72	0.33	0.50
439	Elbert Duncan Thomas	D	1937–1950	25	-1.4	-8.6 to +4.7	+3.4	0.49	0.49	0.46	0.58
440	William Langer	R	1942–1959	25	-1.5	-9.0 to +7.2	-2.5	0.46	0.67	0.40	0.49
441	Hamilton Fish Jr.	R	1970–1993	24	-1.5	-7.9 to +5.2	-3.5	0.58	0.40	0.62	0.47
442	Silvio Ottavio Conte	R	1961–1990	20	-1.5	-9.7 to +6.2	+6.6	0.48	0.53	0.51	0.48
443	Arthur Pue Gorman	D	1888–1904	23	-1.6	-6.9 to +3.7	-10.4	0.45	0.37	0.55	0.53
444	Jim Bunning	R	1993–2009	25	-1.6	-9.5 to +6.6	-1.8	0.56	0.56	0.49	0.46
445	Daniel Jackson Evans	R	1984–1988	23	-1.6	-9.5 to +5.7	+6.9	0.56	0.46	0.48	0.58
446	Alan Harvey Bible	D	1957–1974	24	-1.6	-7.5 to +4.6	-8.2	0.43	0.43	0.56	0.56
447	Hernando De Soto Money	D	1880–1910	23	-1.7	-8.4 to +5.3	+0.2	0.37	0.57	0.42	0.52
448	Ray John Madden	D	1944–1976	23	-1.7	-7.9 to +5.2	-7.2	0.50	0.61	0.41	0.47
449	Edward John Gurney	R	1964–1974	25	-1.8	-10.5 to +7.3	-1.6	0.52	0.48	0.58	0.41
450	Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr.	R	1955–1971	23	-1.8	-10.5 to +7.3	+2.2	0.53	0.47	0.47	0.50
451	Franklin Wheeler Mondell	R	1909–1921	22	-1.9	-8.6 to +4.3	-2.7	0.46	0.50	0.42	0.40
452	John S. McCain	R	1989–2009	24	-1.9	-9.7 to +6.3	+0.5	0.53	0.55	0.48	0.48
453	Jennings Randolph	D	1937–1984	22	-1.9	-9.3 to +5.3	-5.2	0.49	0.55	0.40	0.56
454	Frank R. Wolf	R	1983–2008	22	-1.9	-11.5 to +6.6	-1.4	0.54	0.69	0.32	0.50
455	George Herman Mahon	D	1937–1978	20	-2.0	-8.5 to +4.7	-8.0	0.47	0.48	0.52	0.52
456	Wilkinson Call	D	1882–1896	24	-2.0	-8.7 to +4.4	+1.2	0.34	0.41	0.62	0.54
457	Allen Towner Treadway	R	1916–1941	25	-2.1	-8.4 to +5.6	-12.7	0.46	0.48	0.48	0.46
458	Fred Thompson	R	1995–2002	23	-2.1	-8.7 to +4.1	-1.5	0.53	0.44	0.53	0.54
459	Marge Roukema	R	1982–2002	23	-2.1	-8.5 to +4.4	-5.9	0.49	0.45	0.53	0.58
460	Saxby Chambliss	R	2002–2010	25	-2.1	-10.2 to +5.5	-7.8	0.58	0.45	0.47	0.55
461	Alfonse Marcello D’Amato	R	1983–1998	23	-2.1	-10.2 to +7.1	-3.7	0.57	0.59	0.45	0.43
462	James Robert Mann	R	1898–1917	22	-2.1	-9.2 to +4.6	-13.7	0.41	0.42	0.50	0.46
463	Robert Samuel Kerr	D	1949–1962	25	-2.1	-9.9 to +4.7	+3.2	0.51	0.47	0.53	0.46
464	T. Slade Gorton	R	1982–2000	25	-2.1	-9.5 to +4.9	-6.6	0.54	0.39	0.56	0.54
465	John D. Dingell	D	1959–2009	24	-2.2	-8.5 to +3.2	-2.9	0.54	0.50	0.53	0.45
466	James Roosevelt	D	1956–1965	24	-2.2	-9.7 to +5.1	+0.1	0.44	0.52	0.50	0.52
467	Robert John Lagomarsino	R	1978–1992	24	-2.2	-9.6 to +5.7	-4.0	0.53	0.43	0.55	0.53
468	Thomas James Walsh	D	1913–1932	21	-2.2	-11.0 to +5.3	-12.0	0.43	0.26	0.63	0.47
469	Henry William Blair	R	1880–1893	24	-2.2	-9.2 to +4.9	-9.1	0.42	0.40	0.56	0.51
470	Carl Trumbull Hayden	D	1912–1960	22	-2.3	-10.2 to +6.0	-10.5	0.44	0.39	0.65	0.41
471	John Conyers Jr.	D	1966–2010	24	-2.3	-9.2 to +4.7	-5.6	0.55	0.57	0.45	0.44
472	Joseph Matthew Gaydos	D	1971–1988	23	-2.3	-11.1 to +5.7	-2.3	0.47	0.57	0.53	0.46
473	Frank H. Murkowski	R	1987–2002	25	-2.4	-9.4 to +4.7	-2.1	0.53	0.53	0.50	0.46
474	Wallace Foster Bennett	R	1958–1973	25	-2.5	-7.3 to +3.4	-14.1	0.50	0.34	0.64	0.47
475	John Cornyn	R	2004–2010	24	-2.5	-10.2 to +4.1	-1.6	0.64	0.49	0.49	0.41
476	Seymour Halpern	R	1959–1972	25	-2.5	-7.9 to +4.0	-1.8	0.42	0.54	0.48	0.51
477	James Francis Byrnes	D	1916–1940	24	-2.5	-8.5 to +4.8	-17.9	0.40	0.42	0.64	0.40
478	Spencer Abraham	R	1995–2000	25	-2.5	-7.3 to +2.1	-9.0	0.51	0.48	0.53	0.50
479	Douglas K. Bereuter	R	1980–2003	24	-2.5	-10.4 to +5.7	-4.9	0.52	0.50	0.46	0.54
480	Charles W. Stenholm	D	1980–2004	24	-2.6	-8.3 to +2.4	-5.9	0.48	0.48	0.53	0.54
481	Bourke Blakemore Hickenlooper	R	1945–1965	25	-2.6	-8.0 to +2.7	-19.0	0.52	0.36	0.52	0.56
482	Alan Kooi Simpson	R	1979–1996	23	-2.7	-10.8 to +5.2	-6.7	0.55	0.53	0.39	0.56
483	John Joseph Cochran	D	1927–1945	25	-2.7	-8.2 to +3.1	-10.9	0.48	0.49	0.50	0.44
484	Barney Frank	D	1985–2010	22	-2.7	-10.7 to +5.0	+2.6	0.47	0.61	0.39	0.55
485	Charles Abraham Halleck	R	1939–1968	20	-2.7	-9.5 to +4.8	-3.7	0.49	0.40	0.45	0.62
486	Nick J. Rahall II	D	1979–2010	25	-2.7	-9.7 to +3.3	-3.5	0.55	0.51	0.53	0.43
487	Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr.	D	1952–1975	24	-2.8	-9.6 to +3.7	-2.0	0.53	0.45	0.43	0.54
488	John B. Breaux	D	1973–2001	24	-2.9	-9.8 to +4.5	+0.1	0.49	0.45	0.55	0.50
489	Furnifold McLendel Simmons	D	1888–1928	24	-2.9	-9.5 to +4.8	-4.6	0.36	0.35	0.61	0.44
490	Gilbert W. Gutknecht	R	1995–2006	25	-2.9	-8.5 to +2.1	-5.4	0.52	0.60	0.49	0.40
491	Dante Bruno Fascell	D	1961–1992	23	-2.9	-11.2 to +5.7	-7.0	0.50	0.47	0.46	0.53
492	James Beauchamp Clark	D	1893–1921	24	-2.9	-10.2 to +4.1	+9.2	0.33	0.64	0.28	0.53
493	Peter A. DeFazio	D	1994–2010	25	-2.9	-9.9 to +2.9	+3.4	0.56	0.60	0.48	0.38
494	Samuel D. Brownback	R	1995–2009	25	-2.9	-10.0 to +3.7	+6.0	0.54	0.65	0.40	0.42
495	Russell Billiu Long	D	1949–1981	21	-2.9	-10.6 to +4.7	-1.0	0.47	0.49	0.50	0.50
496	Hugh Doggett Scott Jr.	R	1944–1976	23	-3.0	-10.0 to +4.2	+0.7	0.53	0.38	0.56	0.47
497	Ronald Vernie Dellums	D	1973–1998	24	-3.0	-11.3 to +5.6	+9.0	0.48	0.66	0.35	0.50
498	William Joel Stone	D	1887–1918	23	-3.0	-9.6 to +3.5	-1.7	0.42	0.47	0.40	0.47
499	Roscoe Conkling	R	1874–1881	22	-3.0	-9.2 to +3.4	+6.6	0.42	0.39	0.49	0.44
500	Charles E. Grassley	R	1986–2009	24	-3.0	-10.2 to +4.0	+3.9	0.51	0.48	0.49	0.52
501	Walter Darlington Huddleston	D	1973–1984	24	-3.1	-9.0 to +3.5	-10.5	0.54	0.39	0.59	0.46
502	Scott Wike Lucas	D	1935–1950	23	-3.2	-11.3 to +5.5	-3.8	0.53	0.50	0.39	0.52
503	J. Strom Thurmond	R	1957–2002	24	-3.2	-10.4 to +3.7	-8.4	0.49	0.42	0.62	0.46
504	William Morris Stewart	R	1873–1905	24	-3.2	-10.9 to +3.9	+1.6	0.43	0.50	0.51	0.38
505	William Squire Kenyon	R	1914–1921	19	-3.3	-13.6 to +6.1	-1.4	0.41	0.49	0.37	0.46
506	John Wingate Weeks	R	1907–1919	23	-3.4	-9.3 to +3.0	-12.9	0.39	0.33	0.55	0.46
507	Burton Kendall Wheeler	D	1924–1946	25	-3.4	-9.7 to +2.9	-5.6	0.45	0.46	0.51	0.45
508	John Sherman	R	1874–1895	21	-3.5	-10.3 to +3.1	-11.6	0.44	0.34	0.55	0.46
509	Frank Annunzio	D	1970–1992	24	-3.5	-11.2 to +3.5	-3.6	0.52	0.51	0.48	0.44
510	Robert McClory	R	1965–1982	22	-3.6	-10.5 to +3.5	-11.1	0.49	0.40	0.55	0.51
511	Robert Smith Walker	R	1983–1995	23	-3.6	-12.4 to +5.0	-0.4	0.57	0.47	0.50	0.46
512	Robert Latham Owen	D	1909–1924	23	-3.6	-9.2 to +2.4	-4.4	0.36	0.37	0.54	0.45
513	Richard Howard Ichord II	D	1962–1980	22	-3.6	-10.2 to +2.9	-4.1	0.45	0.48	0.52	0.47
514	Robert Smith	R	1991–2001	25	-3.7	-10.5 to +3.4	-5.0	0.54	0.50	0.48	0.45
515	Byron Patton Harrison	D	1917–1939	25	-3.7	-10.7 to +3.4	+2.3	0.43	0.54	0.40	0.41
516	John J. LaFalce	D	1975–2002	25	-3.7	-13.0 to +4.2	-6.5	0.49	0.42	0.57	0.49
517	Jon Kyl	R	1992–2009	23	-3.8	-10.8 to +2.1	-5.8	0.52	0.40	0.53	0.52
518	Joseph Benson Foraker	R	1902–1907	22	-3.8	-13.3 to +5.9	-5.6	0.37	0.35	0.54	0.51
519	Major R. Owens	D	1983–2005	24	-3.8	-10.8 to +5.0	+3.6	0.50	0.70	0.38	0.39
520	Walter Franklin George	D	1929–1955	22	-3.8	-10.6 to +4.9	-4.5	0.42	0.43	0.50	0.54
521	Howard Walter Cannon	D	1961–1982	19	-3.8	-10.6 to +2.4	+0.5	0.48	0.42	0.52	0.52
522	Wayne Norviel Aspinall	D	1955–1972	21	-4.0	-11.9 to +3.3	-9.4	0.41	0.47	0.50	0.51
523	Don E. Young	R	1975–2008	19	-4.0	-12.4 to +4.6	-10.5	0.55	0.52	0.45	0.44
524	Paul Jones Fannin	R	1968–1976	23	-4.0	-12.2 to +4.4	-3.5	0.41	0.45	0.56	0.48
525	Harry Flood Byrd Jr.	I/O	1967–1982	23	-4.1	-11.5 to +3.2	-1.1	0.52	0.43	0.50	0.44
526	Daniel David Rostenkowski	D	1961–1990	23	-4.2	-11.2 to +2.9	-0.5	0.48	0.47	0.52	0.47
527	Joseph Warren Keifer	R	1877–1910	22	-4.2	-11.4 to +4.3	-10.7	0.35	0.40	0.54	0.45
528	James M. Jeffords	R	1977–2004	23	-4.3	-10.8 to +2.3	-11.8	0.45	0.48	0.52	0.49
529	Robert Louis Leggett	D	1963–1978	21	-4.3	-12.1 to +3.2	-8.9	0.48	0.48	0.53	0.40
530	Sheila Jackson Lee	D	1996–2010	24	-4.3	-11.7 to +2.2	-3.9	0.54	0.69	0.23	0.50
531	Roy Orchard Woodruff	R	1922–1950	23	-4.3	-12.0 to +2.9	+4.8	0.48	0.57	0.39	0.40
532	Daniel John Flood	D	1950–1977	20	-4.3	-12.7 to +2.9	+6.9	0.45	0.59	0.33	0.51
533	Marcy Kaptur	D	1986–2010	24	-4.3	-9.9 to +0.9	-4.0	0.53	0.65	0.40	0.37
534	John Herschel Glenn Jr.	D	1976–1998	22	-4.4	-8.3 to +0.5	-5.0	0.49	0.40	0.55	0.50
535	Edward Herbert Rees	R	1937–1952	21	-4.5	-11.9 to +4.2	-14.0	0.46	0.53	0.48	0.42
536	Howard Worth Smith	D	1939–1965	19	-4.5	-10.9 to +3.1	-2.2	0.46	0.54	0.39	0.49
537	Charles Harting Percy	R	1968–1984	25	-4.5	-12.2 to +3.3	-4.3	0.50	0.39	0.52	0.48
538	John Marshall Robsion	R	1920–1948	25	-4.5	-10.3 to +1.4	-6.9	0.41	0.46	0.49	0.50
539	Joel Thomas Broyhill	R	1954–1973	25	-4.6	-12.3 to +3.4	-9.7	0.49	0.41	0.50	0.47
540	James Mitchell Collins	R	1972–1982	25	-4.6	-11.5 to +2.3	-9.2	0.48	0.50	0.56	0.36
541	Thomas Lindsay Blanton	D	1917–1936	22	-4.6	-12.5 to +3.3	-10.8	0.43	0.63	0.30	0.37
542	W. Curtis Weldon	R	1991–2004	24	-4.7	-11.6 to +2.4	-5.8	0.51	0.55	0.33	0.53
543	John Bayard Anderson	R	1961–1978	16	-4.7	-12.0 to +1.6	+6.3	0.46	0.34	0.66	0.41
544	William Boyd Allison	R	1880–1906	20	-4.7	-13.0 to +2.5	-3.9	0.31	0.44	0.51	0.53
545	Harold Dunbar Cooley	D	1937–1966	25	-4.8	-10.5 to +1.5	-5.8	0.42	0.50	0.44	0.52
546	Carey Estes Kefauver	D	1943–1962	22	-4.9	-10.4 to +1.4	-6.4	0.51	0.33	0.57	0.46
547	Larry E. Craig	R	1988–2008	24	-4.9	-12.9 to +3.3	-2.7	0.55	0.50	0.43	0.45
548	Wayne A. Allard	R	1994–2007	22	-4.9	-12.2 to +1.2	-13.7	0.62	0.37	0.53	0.40
549	Maxine Waters	D	1993–2008	25	-4.9	-11.1 to +0.9	-3.5	0.51	0.70	0.32	0.40
550	Clifford B. Stearns	R	1995–2010	25	-5.0	-11.7 to +1.6	-10.8	0.57	0.50	0.50	0.34
551	William Vincent Allen	I/O	1893–1901	21	-5.0	-12.0 to +2.1	-1.4	0.39	0.45	0.40	0.52
552	John Tyler Morgan	D	1881–1906	22	-5.0	-10.9 to +0.8	+3.2	0.37	0.42	0.48	0.50
553	Clifford Peter Hansen	R	1967–1978	23	-5.0	-11.3 to +1.2	-1.4	0.50	0.45	0.44	0.46
554	Samuel James Ervin Jr.	D	1957–1974	24	-5.0	-12.3 to +3.0	-2.8	0.44	0.34	0.60	0.47
555	James Blackwood Pearson	R	1966–1977	24	-5.0	-14.3 to +5.4	-1.1	0.48	0.33	0.60	0.44
556	Ellison DuRant Smith	D	1909–1943	24	-5.1	-11.0 to +0.3	-2.8	0.38	0.55	0.40	0.39
557	Daniel E. Lungren	R	1980–2010	23	-5.1	-15.0 to +3.2	-9.3	0.55	0.49	0.50	0.40
558	Patsy Takemoto Mink	D	1965–1999	24	-5.1	-14.4 to +5.6	-12.8	0.45	0.47	0.55	0.42
559	Clarence J. Brown	R	1947–1962	16	-5.1	-13.6 to +4.5	-9.9	0.47	0.46	0.40	0.54
560	William Meyers Colmer	D	1934–1972	20	-5.1	-11.4 to +2.1	-3.4	0.51	0.55	0.31	0.48
561	Daniel Robert Glickman	D	1980–1994	25	-5.1	-11.3 to +0.4	-6.0	0.43	0.52	0.52	0.46
562	Joseph Wellington Byrns	D	1910–1934	22	-5.1	-11.3 to +1.5	-18.6	0.41	0.39	0.47	0.41
563	Peter Hoyt Dominick	R	1963–1974	24	-5.1	-11.0 to +0.8	-5.4	0.49	0.32	0.60	0.44
564	John Coit Spooner	R	1886–1907	24	-5.1	-12.2 to +2.2	-8.2	0.40	0.40	0.50	0.44
565	Francis Griffith Newlands	D	1894–1916	23	-5.2	-11.8 to +2.3	-6.2	0.37	0.36	0.54	0.42
566	Wesley Livsey Jones	R	1902–1930	20	-5.2	-11.4 to +1.4	-8.8	0.37	0.47	0.38	0.45
567	John Sharp Williams	D	1894–1922	24	-5.2	-11.9 to +1.3	+4.9	0.35	0.57	0.31	0.45
568	Thad Cochran	R	1975–2008	22	-5.2	-12.4 to +1.3	-14.8	0.47	0.42	0.51	0.51
569	David Hampton Pryor	D	1980–1996	23	-5.2	-14.4 to +2.3	-3.8	0.48	0.44	0.48	0.52
570	Malcolm Wallop	R	1978–1994	24	-5.2	-12.9 to +2.7	-2.7	0.49	0.55	0.48	0.41
571	Arlen Specter	R	1983–2009	22	-5.2	-14.5 to +2.7	-14.5	0.48	0.44	0.50	0.49
572	Durward Gorham Hall	R	1962–1972	25	-5.3	-14.9 to +4.1	+0.6	0.46	0.52	0.44	0.42
573	John Ashcroft	R	1995–2000	24	-5.3	-11.3 to +1.4	-2.8	0.50	0.48	0.51	0.40
574	Richard C. Shelby	D	1983–2001	22	-5.4	-12.1 to +1.0	-7.2	0.45	0.40	0.53	0.53
575	George Franklin Edmunds	R	1874–1890	21	-5.4	-13.6 to +2.6	-9.4	0.37	0.38	0.49	0.46
576	Porter J. Goss	R	1991–2002	16	-5.5	-14.1 to +2.6	-2.6	0.54	0.53	0.43	0.39
577	Michael Aloysius Feighan	D	1947–1970	22	-5.6	-13.6 to +1.7	+0.8	0.45	0.47	0.48	0.43
578	Henry Moore Teller	R	1879–1908	24	-5.6	-12.9 to +1.5	+0.4	0.36	0.39	0.45	0.52
579	Philip Joseph Philbin	D	1945–1970	24	-5.6	-11.6 to +0.7	+6.8	0.41	0.65	0.28	0.50
580	Judd A. Gregg	R	1987–2010	24	-5.7	-13.1 to +1.2	-12.1	0.53	0.40	0.52	0.45
581	Robert Alphonso Taft	R	1940–1951	24	-5.7	-13.1 to +1.9	-13.9	0.45	0.28	0.69	0.42
582	William Edwin Dannemeyer	R	1979–1991	24	-5.8	-13.6 to +2.6	+0.8	0.50	0.40	0.60	0.41
583	Neal Edward Smith	D	1961–1990	23	-5.8	-13.0 to +0.5	-18.1	0.39	0.44	0.59	0.42
584	Homer Daniel Angell	R	1939–1954	22	-5.8	-13.0 to +2.1	-14.9	0.45	0.52	0.45	0.41
585	James Hamilton Lewis	D	1898–1939	24	-5.8	-13.7 to +1.7	+14.9	0.38	0.60	0.23	0.51
586	Everett McKinley Dirksen	R	1936–1966	24	-5.8	-11.9 to +1.6	+1.1	0.45	0.46	0.40	0.51
587	Roger William Jepsen	R	1979–1984	24	-5.9	-13.6 to +0.8	-2.6	0.45	0.46	0.47	0.53
588	Aaron Augustus Sargent	R	1873–1879	25	-6.0	-14.3 to +2.1	-10.7	0.39	0.31	0.44	0.40
589	Donald Holst Clausen	R	1964–1982	24	-6.0	-11.9 to -0.3	-11.7	0.47	0.46	0.43	0.46
590	Gillespie V. Montgomery	D	1969–1994	22	-6.0	-11.3 to -0.6	-21.9	0.45	0.42	0.55	0.45
591	John Melcher	D	1970–1988	21	-6.1	-14.2 to +3.7	-8.9	0.48	0.45	0.46	0.50
592	John Bennett Johnston Jr.	D	1973–1995	22	-6.1	-13.2 to -0.0	-6.7	0.56	0.30	0.56	0.45
593	John Little McClellan	D	1946–1976	18	-6.1	-14.3 to +2.1	-3.7	0.46	0.47	0.46	0.43
594	Frank Townsend Bow	R	1951–1969	21	-6.1	-12.4 to +0.6	-12.5	0.41	0.41	0.53	0.45
595	William Lee Springer	R	1951–1972	22	-6.3	-14.2 to +2.2	-14.0	0.39	0.46	0.48	0.48
596	William V. Roth Jr.	R	1969–2000	25	-6.3	-14.0 to +1.1	-8.9	0.46	0.38	0.54	0.48
597	Wendell Hampton Ford	D	1977–1998	24	-6.3	-14.1 to +1.5	-12.9	0.46	0.46	0.49	0.45
598	Timothy E. Wirth	D	1976–1992	24	-6.3	-15.1 to +2.5	-6.0	0.50	0.47	0.46	0.44
599	Joseph Norton Dolph	R	1884–1894	21	-6.4	-15.1 to +1.0	-16.1	0.40	0.30	0.59	0.45
600	George E. Brown Jr.	D	1966–1996	21	-6.4	-13.8 to +0.8	+0.2	0.44	0.44	0.54	0.43
601	John Herman Dent	D	1958–1977	24	-6.4	-14.3 to +2.4	-6.3	0.37	0.61	0.44	0.38
602	John Thune	R	1998–2009	25	-6.4	-12.1 to -0.5	-13.6	0.57	0.47	0.45	0.38
603	Robert Linligthgow Livingston Jr.	R	1979–1998	22	-6.4	-13.8 to +0.4	-6.0	0.47	0.46	0.50	0.43
604	James Browning Allen	D	1970–1978	20	-6.5	-15.2 to +2.5	-4.4	0.43	0.45	0.51	0.42
605	Robert Kenneth Dornan	R	1979–1996	24	-6.6	-14.3 to +0.7	+3.6	0.49	0.81	0.18	0.38
606	Lee Warren Metcalf	D	1953–1977	22	-6.6	-12.1 to -0.8	-10.1	0.43	0.42	0.52	0.43
607	Spessard Lindsey Holland	D	1947–1970	24	-6.6	-12.5 to -0.5	-5.2	0.42	0.50	0.40	0.48
608	Patricia Scott Schroeder	D	1976–1996	25	-6.7	-14.0 to -0.0	-6.4	0.50	0.58	0.38	0.38
609	Delbert Leroy Latta	R	1959–1988	23	-6.8	-13.7 to +0.6	-5.2	0.45	0.47	0.50	0.42
610	Joseph Landon Evins	D	1948–1973	20	-6.9	-14.8 to +0.7	-8.8	0.39	0.43	0.41	0.56
611	John William Wright Patman	D	1934–1974	24	-6.9	-12.3 to -0.5	-16.3	0.45	0.37	0.57	0.39
612	Frank Carlson	R	1943–1967	22	-6.9	-12.3 to -1.2	-18.2	0.38	0.40	0.55	0.45
613	Conrad Burns	R	1990–2006	23	-7.0	-15.3 to +1.2	-9.1	0.42	0.53	0.41	0.47
614	Thomas Bradford Curtis	R	1951–1968	23	-7.1	-12.4 to -0.8	-7.3	0.36	0.43	0.53	0.46
615	Edward Joseph Derwinski	R	1959–1982	24	-7.1	-14.7 to -0.9	-5.2	0.45	0.49	0.43	0.41
616	Carl Vinson	D	1915–1963	22	-7.1	-15.1 to +1.4	-12.4	0.44	0.35	0.56	0.41
617	Edward Patrick Boland	D	1955–1985	22	-7.1	-14.5 to +1.2	-13.7	0.42	0.41	0.50	0.46
618	William Joseph Randall	D	1962–1975	25	-7.1	-12.8 to -1.4	-4.6	0.41	0.54	0.40	0.42
619	Ralph Regula	R	1973–2005	23	-7.2	-15.0 to -0.5	-3.5	0.43	0.49	0.40	0.50
620	Charles Henry Grosvenor	R	1888–1907	24	-7.2	-15.3 to +0.8	-13.3	0.38	0.48	0.36	0.45
621	John Glenn Beall Jr.	R	1971–1976	23	-7.2	-14.9 to +0.7	-18.3	0.41	0.37	0.59	0.40
622	J. James Exon	D	1983–1996	22	-7.3	-14.2 to -0.1	-12.6	0.50	0.43	0.49	0.43
623	John Alexander Logan	R	1874–1886	22	-7.3	-13.8 to -0.3	-8.9	0.36	0.43	0.39	0.44
624	Miles Poindexter	R	1912–1922	22	-7.3	-15.5 to +0.5	-10.4	0.39	0.31	0.50	0.36
625	Jacob Harold Gallinger	R	1886–1916	21	-7.4	-13.2 to -0.5	-14.4	0.33	0.48	0.33	0.47
626	Frank Jefferson Horton	R	1963–1992	25	-7.4	-14.6 to -1.7	-10.9	0.47	0.45	0.44	0.41
627	Richard J. Santorum	R	1993–2006	24	-7.5	-15.4 to +0.5	-2.4	0.49	0.43	0.47	0.44
628	Duncan Upshaw Fletcher	D	1915–1932	20	-7.5	-13.4 to -0.9	-13.8	0.29	0.34	0.47	0.46
629	William Dodd Hathaway	D	1965–1978	24	-7.7	-14.9 to +0.2	-13.5	0.42	0.35	0.58	0.40
630	Francis Marion Cockrell	D	1877–1904	23	-7.7	-14.5 to -0.8	-4.8	0.32	0.49	0.39	0.43
631	William Louis Dickinson	R	1970–1992	24	-7.7	-13.4 to -2.2	-15.3	0.47	0.42	0.37	0.53
632	Charles Spalding Thomas	D	1913–1920	22	-7.7	-13.3 to -1.9	-5.1	0.35	0.42	0.39	0.40
633	Albert Harold Quie	R	1961–1978	22	-7.7	-15.1 to -0.7	-15.7	0.41	0.33	0.55	0.45
634	James Grove Fulton	R	1947–1971	24	-7.9	-16.3 to +0.9	-12.5	0.36	0.45	0.49	0.44
635	Orrin G. Hatch	R	1977–2010	23	-7.9	-14.2 to +0.1	-3.8	0.43	0.55	0.40	0.42
636	Trent Lott	R	1990–2006	19	-7.9	-14.7 to -1.6	-6.6	0.47	0.57	0.29	0.46
637	Homer Samuel Ferguson	R	1944–1954	23	-7.9	-15.4 to -1.0	-17.1	0.43	0.36	0.50	0.47
638	Jamie Lloyd Whitten	D	1944–1989	17	-8.0	-17.2 to +1.9	-19.3	0.45	0.44	0.46	0.41
639	Ronald E. Paul	R	1979–2009	25	-8.0	-15.2 to -0.4	+4.7	0.47	0.42	0.53	0.40
640	James Oliver Eastland	D	1941–1976	24	-8.1	-13.6 to -2.9	-0.2	0.37	0.52	0.46	0.39
641	John Cornelius Stennis	D	1955–1985	21	-8.1	-14.0 to -2.6	-14.7	0.47	0.35	0.43	0.50
642	Michael C. Burgess	R	2003–2010	25	-8.2	-14.5 to -1.9	-6.2	0.49	0.53	0.38	0.40
643	Homer Earl Capehart	R	1945–1961	24	-8.2	-16.1 to -0.6	-8.9	0.43	0.42	0.41	0.48
644	Kenneth Douglas McKellar	D	1916–1950	24	-8.2	-15.4 to -0.5	-9.6	0.36	0.45	0.44	0.41
645	Richard K. Armey	R	1985–2000	23	-8.3	-15.5 to -1.7	+1.1	0.40	0.56	0.40	0.43
646	Robert Theodore Stafford	R	1963–1988	22	-8.4	-16.2 to -0.7	-16.4	0.45	0.31	0.55	0.47
647	Harold Royce Gross	R	1953–1974	24	-8.5	-14.5 to -2.4	+3.9	0.44	0.58	0.40	0.30
648	Olin DeWitt Talmadge Johnston	D	1946–1964	21	-8.7	-17.7 to +0.2	-14.5	0.40	0.46	0.45	0.41
649	John Milan Ashbrook	R	1964–1980	25	-8.7	-16.1 to -2.1	-2.9	0.38	0.59	0.40	0.35
650	Hiram Leong Fong	R	1964–1976	22	-8.9	-18.2 to +0.7	-15.4	0.43	0.35	0.53	0.39
651	Charles Edward Bennett	D	1951–1991	23	-8.9	-16.6 to -1.2	-7.8	0.43	0.42	0.45	0.42
652	Ernest F. Hollings	D	1975–2004	25	-9.0	-15.2 to -1.8	-9.8	0.44	0.48	0.43	0.41
653	Frank Bateman Keefe	R	1939–1950	24	-9.0	-15.8 to -2.5	-10.6	0.35	0.48	0.39	0.50
654	Warren Grant Magnuson	D	1946–1974	22	-9.0	-17.0 to -0.6	-9.4	0.42	0.37	0.53	0.37
655	Robert Henry Michel	R	1962–1994	23	-9.0	-15.6 to -2.0	-2.9	0.47	0.34	0.53	0.38
656	Allen Joseph Ellender	D	1938–1970	20	-9.1	-17.4 to -0.5	-16.5	0.38	0.34	0.57	0.40
657	Kenneth Spicer Wherry	R	1943–1951	17	-9.1	-17.6 to -1.2	-26.9	0.49	0.32	0.51	0.39
658	John Jacob Rhodes	R	1954–1982	24	-9.2	-16.0 to -2.9	-7.2	0.42	0.44	0.44	0.40
659	Wilbur Daigh Mills	D	1943–1972	18	-9.4	-16.6 to -2.9	-18.5	0.40	0.29	0.59	0.40
660	James Burnie Beck	D	1873–1888	22	-9.5	-16.3 to -1.9	-18.4	0.32	0.35	0.46	0.39
661	Paul Grant Rogers	D	1958–1978	23	-9.6	-16.1 to -2.3	-18.9	0.44	0.41	0.49	0.33
662	Charles Anderson Wolverton	R	1928–1958	20	-9.6	-17.0 to -0.9	-15.7	0.32	0.37	0.49	0.49
663	John Hipple Mitchell	R	1874–1902	24	-9.9	-17.6 to -1.4	-11.8	0.34	0.32	0.48	0.40
664	John Michael Murphy	D	1965–1980	21	-10.0	-17.9 to -2.0	-16.2	0.44	0.33	0.50	0.39
665	Howell Thomas Heflin	D	1980–1996	24	-10.0	-18.0 to -2.7	-12.0	0.41	0.42	0.38	0.53
666	Thomas Albert Jenkins	R	1928–1957	25	-10.1	-15.7 to -4.6	-18.2	0.32	0.49	0.41	0.42
667	Thomas Minor Pelly	R	1956–1972	25	-10.1	-15.9 to -4.0	-9.8	0.39	0.38	0.47	0.42
668	John Harbin Rousselot	R	1973–1982	23	-10.3	-15.6 to -4.2	-9.9	0.40	0.31	0.54	0.40
669	Oren Harris	D	1947–1965	23	-10.4	-17.4 to -2.9	-19.0	0.41	0.30	0.49	0.43
670	Newton Leroy Gingrich	R	1979–1998	23	-10.7	-18.4 to -2.4	+2.6	0.43	0.58	0.33	0.35
671	Gene Eugene Green	D	1994–2009	23	-10.8	-17.9 to -2.8	-14.7	0.42	0.59	0.34	0.35
672	William Beck Widnall	R	1956–1974	22	-10.8	-16.7 to -5.0	-13.3	0.40	0.40	0.48	0.35
673	Sereno Elisha Payne	R	1884–1914	24	-10.8	-18.1 to -3.3	-18.9	0.31	0.40	0.41	0.35
674	William Albert Steiger	R	1967–1978	22	-11.0	-16.5 to -4.6	-16.7	0.36	0.28	0.54	0.43
675	Fred Lewis Crawford	R	1935–1952	25	-11.1	-18.4 to -4.5	-9.8	0.35	0.50	0.38	0.37
676	Don Nickles	R	1982–2004	23	-11.2	-18.4 to -3.6	-17.6	0.49	0.33	0.49	0.37
677	Frederick Delbert Schwengel	R	1957–1972	25	-11.3	-18.0 to -4.7	-12.0	0.33	0.45	0.38	0.43
678	Adolph Joachim Sabath	D	1924–1951	20	-11.4	-19.9 to -4.0	-9.1	0.32	0.52	0.28	0.43
679	Nick Smith	R	1994–2004	25	-11.9	-17.2 to -6.9	-9.9	0.38	0.46	0.44	0.37
680	John R. Kasich	R	1983–2000	25	-11.9	-17.1 to -6.2	-4.6	0.39	0.51	0.35	0.40
681	Lawrence Yates Sherman	R	1913–1921	22	-12.1	-20.3 to -3.4	-5.6	0.30	0.41	0.33	0.34
682	William Cato Cramer	R	1955–1968	24	-12.6	-18.1 to -6.5	-17.0	0.45	0.37	0.41	0.32
683	Bruce F. Vento	D	1979–2000	24	-12.7	-18.0 to -7.1	-17.6	0.39	0.38	0.45	0.40
684	Robert Lee Fulton Sikes	D	1944–1978	22	-12.7	-19.8 to -4.6	-6.7	0.38	0.45	0.37	0.35
685	Clare Eugene Hoffman	R	1938–1960	23	-12.7	-19.7 to -5.8	-4.6	0.39	0.65	0.23	0.28
686	Charles Laceille Gifford	R	1928–1942	25	-12.8	-20.4 to -3.7	-9.2	0.35	0.50	0.31	0.35
687	William F. Goodling	R	1979–2000	23	-13.0	-19.7 to -5.7	-14.8	0.39	0.43	0.37	0.41
688	Helen Delich Bentley	R	1986–1994	25	-13.1	-19.9 to -6.3	-10.8	0.41	0.62	0.31	0.26
689	Forrest C. Donnell	R	1945–1950	23	-13.2	-20.6 to -5.9	-10.1	0.33	0.31	0.45	0.45
690	Robert Fleming Rich	R	1934–1949	24	-13.3	-19.2 to -6.6	-5.2	0.31	0.63	0.22	0.36
691	James Albertus McClure	R	1967–1988	21	-13.4	-20.4 to -5.8	-13.7	0.33	0.42	0.48	0.35
692	Mark Edward Souder	R	1996–2010	25	-13.4	-19.5 to -6.2	-14.4	0.40	0.55	0.30	0.34
693	Thomas Dale DeLay	R	1986–2005	24	-13.4	-20.1 to -6.4	-5.4	0.39	0.59	0.25	0.35
694	Dana T. Rohrabacher	R	1991–2009	25	-13.4	-20.2 to -7.1	-6.3	0.42	0.62	0.21	0.33
695	Dan L. Burton	R	1987–2009	24	-13.6	-20.6 to -6.2	-26.4	0.42	0.59	0.33	0.24
696	Frank J. Pallone Jr.	D	1995–2005	24	-13.8	-20.4 to -5.7	-21.5	0.51	0.51	0.28	0.27
697	Bill McCollum	R	1983–1999	24	-14.7	-19.6 to -9.6	-24.4	0.43	0.39	0.42	0.29
698	John L. Mica	R	1995–2009	24	-15.0	-21.1 to -9.8	-17.3	0.41	0.49	0.28	0.34
699	Huey Pierce Long	D	1932–1935	24	-15.4	-21.0 to -8.8	-9.2	0.31	0.52	0.28	0.28
700	Craig Thomas	R	1993–2005	21	-15.5	-21.1 to -10.0	-21.9	0.44	0.28	0.45	0.34
701	David T. Dreier	R	1990–2009	13	-16.1	-27.0 to -5.7	-17.0	0.38	0.48	0.25	0.36
702	Phil Gingrey	R	2003–2010	22	-17.3	-25.7 to -8.1	-17.7	0.33	0.51	0.21	0.39
703	Steven Douglas Symms	R	1973–1992	24	-17.7	-24.4 to -9.8	-13.0	0.33	0.42	0.43	0.25
704	Pete A. Sessions	R	2000–2010	17	-18.6	-27.8 to -7.4	-18.1	0.43	0.39	0.26	0.29
705	Robert Rice Reynolds	D	1934–1944	24	-18.7	-23.4 to -13.0	-8.9	0.28	0.55	0.19	0.26
706	James M. Inhofe	R	1992–2010	24	-19.2	-24.2 to -13.7	-25.4	0.38	0.30	0.35	0.33
707	Virginia Foxx	R	2006–2010	24	-19.5	-26.9 to -11.3	-21.1	0.39	0.46	0.23	0.27
708	Louie B. Gohmert Jr.	R	2005–2010	25	-21.7	-26.6 to -15.8	-14.0	0.36	0.53	0.14	0.21
709	Steve A. King	R	2004–2010	25	-24.0	-31.6 to -16.0	-19.1	0.28	0.46	0.20	0.23
710	Kendrick Brett Meek	D	2004–2008	25	-29.0	-35.8 to -21.5	-35.4	0.31	0.41	0.13	0.12

Method and limits

Speaker names were matched to exactly one member of the public legislator roster by chamber, surname and date; ambiguous names were dropped. The judge saw the first 380 and last 120 words of each speech, six speeches per call, mixed across eras, and had to give strict ranks. The judge was never checked against a human rater. The data ends in 2010. Speakers are represented by sampled speeches, so this is a league of the sample, not of the record. Raw scores for every speech are held by the desk.

Written about in A Model Judged 27,500 Congressional Speeches: Craft Fell About a Point a Decade.